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Title 大氣中PAHs於粒狀物上分布之監測調查
Abstract 多環芳香烴(Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons簡稱PAHs)化合物為空氣中之不完全燃燒之環境污染物，已被環保署及世界先進國家認定為空氣有害污染物（Hazardous Air Pollutants, HAPs）。多環芳香烴多半由於環境中不完全燃燒反應之副產品，PAHs可經由呼吸、食物鏈關係因食入和皮膚接觸後，進入人體，而後經由細胞代謝而活化，活化物即直接攻擊核酸分子以導致癌變。現階段工業社會大量使用石化產品和交通廢氣導致之空氣中PAHs無遠弗屆，在都會區居民人口密度極高之情況下，因此探討PAH在環境中之分布及影響均有其必要性。本計畫則藉由環保署位於新莊市運動公園內超級測站之即時PAHs監測器（Realtime PAH Monitor）、ACCU之PM2.5採樣器和微孔均勻沈降衝擊器（Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor，MOUDI）之採樣比較，以物理激光連續監測及化學萃取和氣相層析質譜儀方法，分析三種粒子採樣器所得到粒狀物中之〈一〉16種PAHs濃度與PAS即時監測結果之比對；〈二〉瞭解不同粒徑之特徵PAHs粒徑分佈狀況，進而評估PAS2000之即時總PAHs監測有效性評估，建立台北都會區空氣中PAHs種類及微粒粒徑濃度分布情形。本計畫完成PAS2000與PM2.5採樣器至少20組之比對，結果顯示在目標16種PAHs情況下，PM2.5的16種PAHs濃度為PAS2000及時總PAHs監測濃度之12-14％。雖然PAS2000總PAHs濃度較高，但比對結果顯示兩者之濃度變化趨勢具有同步性，代表PAS2000之總PAHs濃度結果具有即時濃度監測效能，未來如增加PAHs監測物種，更可評估PAS2000之監測性能。對於超級測站微粒粒徑分佈結果顯示，高分子量PAHs佔據90％以上之濃度分佈，連續兩週八組MOUDI微粒粒徑分佈結果顯示PAHs為單一波峰分佈狀況。由於大多數PAHs集中於粒子粒徑小於1 m，此結果也顯示PM2.5入口擷取粒徑可視為有效。相較於美國芝加哥地區之PAHs粒徑分佈結果，高分子量PAHs多呈現雙波峰現象，由於微粒在空氣中化合物蒸發、凝結與微粒混凝現象需要長時間方可達到平衡狀況，超級測站之PAHs單一波峰粒徑分佈現象，代表新莊地區之微粒可能屬於新形成微粒。
EngTitle Investigation of the particle size distributions of PAHs in the atmosphere
EngAbstract Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons（PAHs）are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and have been regarded as hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) by most industrial countries. PAHs are byproducts of incomplete combustion processes. Through breathing, food-chains and dermal contact pathways, PAHs enter human physical body system. Activated by cell metabolic phenomena, PAHs may directly affect DNA and cause mutation. Mass utilization of fossil products and traffic exhausts in urban areas spread PAHs everywhere in the environment. Investigation of PAHs distribution and possible influence in the environment is essential, especially for the extreme high residential population in metropolitans in Taiwan.This project compared the PAHs concentrations and profiles between the real time PAHs monitor (Ecochem PAS 2000), ACCU filtration samplers and Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI). According to the PAHs results of physical photoionization monitoring of Ecochem PAS 2000 and chemical extraction followed by gas chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry, continuous particle-bound PAHs concentrations and the summation of 16 specific classical PAHs were compared. Based on MOUDI results, size-segregation PAHs were also analyzed and discussed. The ultimate goal is to evaluate the real time monitoring effectiveness of Ecochem PAS 2000 and establish the particle size distributions of PAHs in Taipei metropolitan.
ProjectYear 092
SponsorOrg 監資處
ExecutingOrg 私立輔仁大學公共衛生學系
PublicFullVersionURL http://epq.epa.gov.tw/project/FileDownload.aspx?fid=2320