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2014 基因轉殖及非基因轉殖種苗驗證及共存體系之建構-基因轉殖作物認驗證與檢監測模式之建立 Construction of the certification and coexistence system for GM and non-GM seedlings 103農科-1.1.1-種-X1 103AS -1.1.1-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 陳哲仁 Jen-Ren Chen 基因轉殖作物檢監測體系由農糧署委託種苗改良繁殖場邀集農業試驗所、桃園區農業改良場、台南區農業改良場、花蓮區農業改良場、國立中興大學等單位建立「基因轉殖作物檢測監測小組」。持續檢測木瓜、玉米、大豆、水稻、馬鈴薯、油菜等栽培區及進口飼料，蒐集基改作物標準樣品並開發相應檢測技術。種苗改良繁殖場基因轉殖作物檢測實驗室已取得「財團法人全國認證基金會」之生物領域測試實驗室認證。本場今年支援花東地區檢測45件及進口飼料 34件，並完成基改玉米共存模式建議書及「基因轉殖作物混雜度調查資料管理系統」地理資訊系統。 "The establishment of the surveillance platform in Taiwan was entrusted by the Agriculture and Food Agency (AFA) |
Council of Agriculture (COA). Teamwork members are composed of Seed Improvement and Propagation Station(SIPS) |
Agricultural Research Institute |
Taoyuan |
Tainan |
and Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station and National Chung Hsing University and constantly monitoring papaya |
maize |
soybean |
rice |
potato |
and rape seed production farms and imported feed ingredients. We consistently collect reference materials of GM crops and the development of the corresponding detection techniques. The biological area of GMO detection laboratory at SIPS has been accredited by Taiwan Accreditation Foundation (TAF).This year we supporting survey task of 45 GM crops of eastern Taiwan and 34 feed ingredients from border customs. And proposed GM mazie coexistence model recommendation and “GM crop Survey Data Management System"" geographic information systems to duty authorities." |
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2014 生技種苗檢測服務建置與產業推動 Industry extension and establishment ofbiotech seedling detection serviceplant seed/seedling team 103農科-1.1.2-種-X1 103AS -1.1.2-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 鍾文全 Wen-Chuan Chung 利用已開發共顯性分子標誌(Ty1 |
Ty2及Ty3)，檢測種苗業界所提供的番茄種苗是否具有抗黃化捲葉病毒植株，得知三家種苗業者所育出的番茄種苗主要以抗Ty2為主。文心蘭檸檬綠組培苗依株高等級分為小苗、中苗、大苗等三級，評估小瓶苗要達到出貨標準(株高達7.4cm以上 )約需培養55天，大瓶苗培養30天即可出貨。拜訪6家仙履蘭組培場，與經營者訪談組培設備、生產流程及瓶苗出貨標準，目前仙履蘭組培瓶苗大多為實生苗，由栽培者提供種子交由專業組培場代工。以栽培場自行雜交之綠Maudiae 品種，無菌播種之實生瓶苗為試驗材料，培養3、4、6個月後，得知仙履蘭瓶苗應以培養4個月後為出瓶最佳時機。本年度蒐集四個流通品種(Phal. TailinRed Angle ‘V31’、Phal. I-Hsin White Swan、Dtps. Tinny Honey、Dtsp. IHsin Yellow Tris)之蝴蝶蘭組培瓶苗，進行生長指數調查與植體營養成分分析，並將蝴蝶蘭瓶苗依102年計畫建立之瓶苗品質鑑定指標進行分級種植，四個流通品種進行瓶苗形態調查及植體分析，並發育到中苗，調查花形間品質指標之結果驗證，結果顯示 5個月後植株之乾鮮重、乾物重、葉幅、葉數、根數等四個品種各級間皆無顯著性差異，若從元素分析來看，各級間元素佔植株乾重的百分比亦並無顯著性差異，但不合苗之單株全可溶性糖含量之表現與合格苗差異較其他元素更為明顯。以去病毒技術篩選蘭園蝴蝶蘭無病毒之母本，共篩選500件瓶苗樣品，結果得知獲得去病毒的比率會隨寄主種類與感染病毒嚴重度有所差異，獲得去病毒的健康蝴蝶蘭種苗比例介於0-15.3%之間。 Tomato seedlings provided by seed industry were detected through molecular markers (Ty-1 |
Ty-2 and Ty-3 developed by TSIP) for identifying TYLCV-ressitant line or variety. Results showed that all tested belong to TY-2 line. Oncidium plants are classified into three levels. To reach standard shipping for small seedling |
it could grow up to 55 days |
whereas large seedlings only were 30 days. To understand the company profile |
production processes and plantlets standards in this year |
we visit six paphiopedilum tissue culture factories. Leave number |
root number |
plant height |
root length |
fresh/dry weight of paphiopedilum TCplantlets were studied 3 |
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2014 種子檢查技術研習 Study on seed testing technology 103農科-4.2.1-種-X1 103AS -4.2.1-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 許鐈云 Ciao-Yun Syu 本年度參與ISTA於2014年06月23～26日在英國愛丁堡(Edinburgh |
Scotland U K ) 舉行由蘇格蘭農業科學策進會( S c i e n c e a n d A d v i c e f o r S c o t t i s h Agriculture |
SASA)所承辦種子取樣及品質保證研習(Seed Sampling and Quality Assurance in Seed Sampling)。參與研習的學員各來自法國、拉脫維亞、瑞典、德 國、荷蘭、南韓、中國大陸、波蘭、美國、丹麥、比利時及台灣等12個國家。研習課程內容主要包含：種子取樣的原理及方法、取樣儀器介紹、取樣的品質保證及取樣員的監測等，同時並參訪ISTA認證的實驗室。在報告中也提出改善建議，如：改正取樣技術、建立取樣員的訓練方法及考核、取樣品質管理的改善等。 In 2014 |
one staff of TSS attended the ISTA workshop on seed sampling and quality assurance of seed sampling on 23-26 June |
2014 in United Kingdom . The workshop was hold by Science and Advice for Scottish Agriculture (SASA) (ISTA Accredited Code: GB04) in Edinburgh. The participators in this workshop came from France |
Latvia |
Sweden |
Germany |
Netherlands |
Korea |
China |
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2014 赴荷蘭建置雙方蝴蝶蘭DNA資料庫 Established the Phalaenopsis DNA database of both sides in Netherlands 103農科-4.2.1-種-X2 103AS -4.2.1-SS-X2 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張惠如 Hui-Ju Chang Naktuinbouw為荷蘭執行植物品種檢定的專責機構，亦負責歐盟成員國數種作物品種申請案件之檢定工作，具相當豐富的品種檢定業務經驗及人力。本計畫前往Naktuinbouw進行14天的研習，主要的研習內容為利用BioNumerics分析軟體進行蝴蝶蘭品種基因型分析，建立蝴蝶蘭DNA資料庫。經過多次演練並和Naktuinbouw技術人員的經驗交流後，協助我方建立蝴蝶蘭DNA資料庫時需注意的參數設定及資料格式，並且解決未來雙方合作所需交換的資料內容等問題。為有效辦理第14屆臺荷農業合作會議之決議事項，針對雙方技術合作案，在交換蝴蝶蘭DNA材料與基因型分析資料的工作上，雙方取得共識並撰寫相關細節內容文件一份。除此之外，在研習期間也參加了Naktuinbouw針對育種者及業者所舉辦的說明會，會中共有四個議題，內容主要講述有關DNA分子標誌使用於性狀檢定及侵權鑑定工作上所扮演的角色。在這次研習後，雙方基於這些討論與交流，在建立蝴蝶蘭品種DNA資料庫這項工作上，將在技術操作的細節上更加留意。未來工作將著重在加強與性狀檢定技術人員、育種者及業者溝通交流。另外，進一步將DNA資料庫與性狀資料庫及影像資料庫進行連結，以提升分子鑑別技術及DNA資料庫於蝴蝶蘭性狀檢定作業上的輔助性。 Naktuinbouw in the Netherlands is the organization authorized to assess varieties of agricultural |
floricultural |
arboricultural and vegetable crops for distinctness |
uniformity and stability (DUS testing) for registration purposes and/or granting Plant Breeders' Rights |
both on Dutch an EU level. The objectives of this study within 2 weeks in Naktuinbouw were to learn genotyping on Phalaenopsis varieties by BioNumerics software and to establish the DNA database of Phalaenopsis varieties. Both techniques and experiences through this study could not only establish the methods (such as parameter data |
file format ... etc) |
but also solve problems of both sides cooperation. To effectively handle the issues of both sides cooperation in 14th Taiwan-Netherlands Agricultural Working Group Meeting |
the researchers of Taiwan TSIPS and Naktuinbouw had written the document “Proposal of the cooperation between TSIPS and Naktuinbouw” including exchange works of DNA materials and analysis results. Meanwhile |
I also attended the information meeting for breeder and seed company during this study. Four programs were conducted in this meeting |
mainly focusing on the role of DNA makers in the DUS testing and against infringement on Plant Breeders’ rights.After this study |
both sides pay more attention on detail technical operations of DNA database of Phalaenopsis species based on those discussions and experiences. In the future works |
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2014 活化農地計畫之重要農產品供應鏈加值整合策略研究(種子供應鏈研究) A Study on Value-added Strategies of Supply Chain of Important Agricultural Products Base on Arable Land Activation Program. 103農科-5.1.6-種-X1 103AS -5.1.6-SS-X1 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 周明燕 Ming-Yenn Chou 蔬菜種子產業供應鏈包含種原、育種、採種、銷售及生產栽培。規模較大的農企業已有能力自行建構完整供應鏈，而供應鏈中的各環節也可透過小型農戶所自營的種苗圃、育苗場、種子行等進行委外採種、育苗、銷售等工作。此外，國際種子公司也透過代理、經銷模式進入我國市場。種苗產業供應鏈中核心關鍵在研發端及通路端。因此，蔬菜種子產業供應鏈加值改善可以從幾個點作提升：在研發端，建議由產學研籌組共同研發平台，共享資源；在種子生產部份，宜提升種子生產效能，導入精準生產管理模式以克服生產成本高漲困境；在中間物流部分，宜積極與通路業者建立夥伴關係，提高彼此互信及依存黏度，共榮共享；消費端則可以透過共同參展行銷，互相拉抬，建立臺灣優質品牌形象。蔬菜種子外銷前景廣受看好，受限於採種大環境，在國內設置採種基地的可行性並不高。但業者為了避免親本外流，研發工作及親本採種作業仍傾向於在臺灣進行，研發及親本乃是種子公司的核心資產，雖然需要的土地不高，卻能創造高額利潤，因此，政府應積極協助業者取得適當的休耕農地，建置研發中心，讓臺灣成為國際蔬菜品種研發重鎮，對整體產業發展的助益將是迅速且直接。 Vegetable seed industry supply chain that contains the collection of the original species |
breeding |
seed production |
sale and production of cultivation. Large-scale agricultural enterprises have the ability to self-construct the complete supply chain. Each link in the supply chain can also be carried out through the link to complete outsourcing seed |
breeding |
sales and so on. In addition |
international seed companies have entered the Taiwan market through an agent |
distribution patterns. R ＆ D and critical path is the core plant seed industry supply chain. Improve value-added vegetable seed industry can improve supply chain bonus from several points: In the R ＆ D side |
it is recommended by industry |
academia and research departments jointly developed platform to share resources; Part in seed production |
improve production efficiency seeds imported by the quasi-production management |
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2014 青年農民植物種苗類別訓練成效追蹤評核之研究 The effectiveness assessment researchof category training in seedling for young farmers 103農科-5.2.1-種-X1 103AS -5.2.1-SS-X1 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 鍾依萍 I-Ping Chung 「國家發展計畫(102-105年度)有關農業政策的施政重點之一「調整農業結構，培育農業人才，整合資源加值發展」，農業的未來須朝向人力年輕化、休耕農地活化、推動農業教育訓練與後續輔導服務。種苗改良繁殖場加入農委會輔導處「提升青年農民訓練成效之研究」共同研究主題計畫，針對農民學院植物種苗類別訓練課程進行結訓學員的訓練成效追縱評核，藉以了解學員參加農民學院後之效果或變化，並建構適合青年從農訓練模式。 The aim of the investigation is to evaluate the trainees who and had completed the plant seeding training courses from the level of basic and the level of intermediate(plant tissue culture technology training) in the farmers’ academy during the years 2011 to 2013. Investigation 1.Basic information 2. Training performance evaluation through mailed questionnaires. |
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2014 木瓜種子檢查技術產業連結與國際接軌 Seed Testing |
Industry Connection and International Corparation of Papaya Seed 103農科-6.2.3-種-X1 103AS -6.2.3-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 沈翰祖 Han-Tsu Shen 不公開 Not public |
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2014 基因轉殖棉花、番茄、小麥檢測技術之研究 Studies of transgenic cotton |
tomato and wheat detection echnology 103農科-6.2.3-種-X2 103AS -6.2.3-SS-X2 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張惠如 Hui-Ju Chang 為建立轉殖基因棉花的檢測作業標準流程，先進行不同核酸萃取方法及棉花種子萃取前處裡的試驗，依結果並考量檢測流程的效率與成本，採用先利用均質機將棉花種子處理15秒後，再將種殼與種仁一起以自動萃取方式來進行棉花種子樣品之核酸萃取方法。透過此方法獲得的DNA溶液以歐盟公告之檢測方法進行轉殖品項PCR定性檢測試驗，結果顯示在不同轉殖品項LLCOTTON 25、GHB614、GHB119、T304-40中，可各自得到預期79 bp、119 bp、90 bp、78 bp大小的目標片段。經過多次確認試驗後，完成建立檢測轉殖品項LLCOTTON 25及GHB614之標準作業流程。 In this study |
we used different methods for transgenic cotton seed DNA extraction. According to DNA quality and considered the efficiency and cost of testing process |
we selected the homogenizer to pretreatment 15 seconds then extracted DNA from cotton seed by automated method (Smart LabAsist-16). DNA solution is obtained by this method and used as template DNA in PCR reaction for qualitative detection. The PCR condition was follow the European Union reference reports. Results are displayed in different specific transgenic event consist of LLCOTTON 25 |
GHB614 |
GHB119 |
T304-40 |
each of them can be get the expected target fragment size as 79 bp |
119 bp |
90 bp |
78 bp. After several confirm tests |
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2014 國外農企業基因轉殖作物商業品種檢測技術之建立 Establishment of GM crops detection technology for foreign commercial varieties 103農科-6.2.3-種-X3 103AS -6.2.3-SS-X3 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 陳哲仁 Jen-Ren Chen 基因轉殖作物在國際市場上規模日益增加的情形，帶動建立相應檢測評估基因轉殖作物存在技術的強烈需求，本計畫的主要目的是建立一套基因轉殖作物標準檢測技術，完成玉米19項、大豆9項以及油菜3項基改品項檢測技術，提供主管機關執行進口飼料基因轉殖作物邊境查驗與管理。 The increasing presence of transgenic plant in the international markets has provoked a strong demand for appropriate detection methods to evaluate the existence of transgenic plants in the field and feed ingredients. The major objective of this study was to establish a detection technique in GM maize |
soybean and rapeseed. We were established 19 mazie |
9 soybean |
and 3 rapeseed GM event detection methods and would achieve border control and inspection of imported GM feed ingredients for administration office. |
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2014 中藥材流蘇石斛及種苗金童一號石斛組織培養健康種苗生產技術開發 Study on in vitro mass production technology of Dendrobium fimbriatum |
medicinal functions of Dendrobium Cassiope Taiseed Golden Boy No.1 103農科-6.2.3-種-X4 103AS -6.2.3-SS-X4 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 張珈錡 Jia-Ci Chang 1.本計畫嘗試建立流蘇石斛(Dendrobium fimbriatum)之組織培養繁殖技術、種苗生產模式，經試驗顯示流蘇石斛組培苗消毒以使用1%、0.5%次氯酸鈉進行2階段消毒，培植體之存活率最高達50%。芽體增殖階段以培養於DF2培養基2個月，植株之株高可達3.43cm、每芽有4.4片葉、每培殖體形成2.4芽、叢芽率34.68%為最低、培殖體褐化率僅3.00%較佳。發根階段則以培養於1402培養基，可獲得地上部和地下部表現較佳之植株。在種苗生產模式方面，初步探討不同種植芽數、出瓶時間對流蘇石斛組培苗生長之影響，由試驗結果得知，不同種植芽數與出瓶時間對於栽培4個月內之種苗並無顯著之影響。另外，本試驗觀察流蘇石斛在1年的栽培期間之生育變化，將有助於後續調整種苗栽培管理之模式。2.金童石斛（Dendrobium Cassiope‘Taiseed Golden boy No.1’）為蘭科（Orchidaceae）植物。金童石斛花開花時期為每年的2-4月，我們先前的研究發現金童石斛萃取物有豐富的酚類化合物，且展現優異的抗氧化效果。因此，本研究進一步以脂多醣 (lipopolysaccharide |
LPS) 誘發RAW264.7細胞株之發炎模式探討金童石斛乙醇萃取物的抗發炎功效，研究結果發現此萃取物具有抑制RAW264.7細胞發炎之抑制白細胞介素-6 (interleukin-6 |
IL-6)及腫瘤致死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α |
TNF-α)生成，進而抑制一氧化氮 (nitric oxide |
NO)和前列腺素E2 (prostagladin E2 |
PGE2)的生 1. This study attempts to establish a micropropagation method and seedlingproduction model of Dendrobium fimbriatum |
the test showed explants disinfected with 1% and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite twice |
the survival rate achieve 50 %. An shoot proliferation medium with code name DF2 was the best for shoot proliferation |
the plant height up to 3.43 cm |
formed 2.4 buds per explants |
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2014 提升種子檢查量能模式之建立 Establishment of the testing system to promote seed test capacity 103農科-6.2.3-種-X5 103AS -6.2.3-SS-X5 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 黃崧銘 Sung-Ming Huang 種子品質檢查除仰賴檢查人員專業知識與豐富經驗外，完善的儀器設備亦有助於確保種子品質並提升檢查效率，進而降低農作物生產風險。本計畫採購立體顯微鏡、分樣器、電子天平、鏡檢台、防潮箱、實驗桌，建立細小種子潔淨度檢測流程，並經兩位新進同仁進行盲樣測試，結果顯示，對於缺乏分析經驗的同仁，可遵循新建立之檢測流程快速上手，大幅縮短水稻室內檢查時間。 The quality of seed testing is based on not only well-experienced professional inspectors to ensure the seed quality |
but also well-found equipment which improve efficiency of testing to reduce the risk of crop production. In order to establish the seed purity testing procedure and shorten the examining time |
the equipmen of stereoscopic microscopes |
sub sampler |
electronic scales |
microscopic units |
cabinets and benches were purchased in this project. A preliminary test procedure has been built and prove by two colleagues using blind sample test. The result indicated that follow the improved process of seed testing can greatly reduced the test time |
even for Inexperienced colleagues |
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2014 水稻種子影像辨識輔助系統之研究與開發 A study and development of inspection system for rice seeds with image processing 103農科-7.1.1-種-X1 103AS -7.1.1-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 許鐈云 Ciao-Yun Syu 不公開 Not public |
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2014 建構亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台 Construction for Asia Pacific Seedlings Industry Services Platform 103農科-7.1.1-種-X2 103AS -7.1.1-SS-X2 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 蔡瑜卿 Yu-Ching Tsai 亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台目前共累積512 |
663筆資料，瀏覽人次866 |
103人次。本年度配合本場辦理教育訓練、展示會、觀摩會等各項活動積極宣傳行銷本平台，增加本平台曝光率；使用者意見回饋分析顯示功能使用上多集中在最新消息與最新科技成果兩大單元。透過技術盤點與文獻分析了解目前國內外相關種苗知識缺口與技術重點，其分析結果除可供國內相關技術研發考量外，現以「產業分析專欄」與「重要專利情報」兩種形式，供亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台會員市場面之參考。蝴蝶蘭品種性狀影像辨識系統為協助提升植物品種智慧財產權性狀檢定效能之輔助工具，目前已輸入約400筆以上品種影像資料，隨著資料量越多，系統之辨識效能也會隨之提升，對業務效能之協助提升也更具助益。 "Pacific plant seed industry information platform for a cumulative total of 512 |
663 documents |
visits 204 |
238 people in 2014. Function uses the latest news and more concentrated in two industrial services unit |
which shows the current platform is still aware of the low |
should take a more active growth platform for exposure. Inventory through technical understanding and knowledge gaps in the current focus on domestic and foreign technology |
in addition to its analysis of the results of research and development of related technologies available for domestic considerations |
the present in two forms |
\""industry analysis column\""and \""important patent information\"" for the Asia-Pacific plant seed industry market information platform serving member of the reference plane. Future technologies are expected to be applied to the theme of the series of textbooks |
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2014 番茄抗萎凋病與菸草嵌紋病毒分子標誌建立與應用 The establishment and application of specific molecular markers for TMV and fusarium wilt resistance in tomato 103農科-9.1.1-種-X1 103AS -9.1.1-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 孫永偉 Yung-Wei Sun 1. 番茄抗萎凋病基因型之分子鑑定：番茄萎凋病為重要真菌性病害，本試驗建立抗萎凋病基因I-1及I-3之分子標誌。利用I1-At2引子組可同時擴增番茄抗病(I-1)與感病(i-1)基因150 bp之DNA條帶，將抗感病品種進行PCR產物解序後，於序列位置80出現差異點，該位置感病核苷酸序列為C，抗病核苷酸序列為G，應可作為判斷番茄抗感萎凋病基因I-1之SNP標誌。利用I3-P7-CAPS引子組配合限制酶NsiI酶切反應，可擴增抗病基因(I-3) 380 bp之DNA條帶，感病基因(i-3)無DNA條帶出現。此分子標誌檢測結果與亞洲蔬菜中心及國內育種者或種子公司已知抗感性品種吻合。2. 番茄抗菸草嵌紋病毒分子標誌之建立：菸草嵌紋病毒為菸草鑲嵌病毒屬(Tobamovirus)，為番茄三大病毒之一。本研究利用亞洲蔬菜中心提供番茄抗感病品種進行研究，本試驗針對抗病基因(Tm-1及Tm-22)與TMV病毒各篩選專一性分子標誌(Tm1-CAPS、Tm22-SCAR與TMV-012)。利用Tm1-CAPS分子標誌配合HaeIII限制酶反應後，可擴增抗病基因550 bp之DNA條帶、擴增感病基因350 bp之DNA條帶。利用Tm22-SCAR分子標誌，可擴增Tm-2抗病基因255 bp之DNA條帶、擴增Tm-22抗病基因214 bp之DNA條帶，感病品種無DNA條帶出現。TMV-012分子標誌可擴增嵌紋病毒株(TMV-0、TMV-1、TMV-2) 2.2 kb之DNA條帶。上述分子標誌可協助育種者早期篩選抗病植株、確認抗感病基因型及病毒感染情形，提高育種效率。 The projects of this program have ttwo components including:1.Molecular identification of tomato genotype resistant to Fusarium oxysporum: tomato fusarium wilt is one of the important fungal disease.The molecular markers linked to fusarium wilt resistant genes I-1 and I-3 have been developed. Specific primer pair I1-A2 was developed to amplify DNA fragment from vary allelic at I-1 locus. A 150 bp DNA fragment was amplified from both resistant and susceptible tomato accessions that corresponding to the presence of I-1 and i-1 alleles.After sequencing of PCR products |
G is determined at the nucleotide sequence position no. 80 in resistance tomato accession |
where as C is determined in the susceptible tomato accession. The different nucleotide sequence between both of resistance and susceptible tomato accession provide the possibility for development of SNP marker. In addition |
the I3-P7-CAPS marker was also developed PCR following restriction enzyme (NsiI) digestion. The 380 bp DNA band was obtained from the tomato accession with resistance genes I-3 |
however |
the susceptible tomato accession with gene i-3 was none band. The results are also confirming the previously study of AVRDC- The World Vegetable Center and other seed companies.2.Development of molecular marker linked to tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)resistance: ToMV |
a member of Tobamovirus |
is one of the important tomato viruses |
and ToMV-0 |
ToMV-1 |
ToMV-2 are three major ToMV strains. The Tm-1 |
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2014 作物種苗微體繁殖技術之開發與改進-綠竹、鳳梨、春石斛及中草藥繁殖開發利用 The study of healthy seedling production by tissue culture 103農科-9.1.1-種-X2 103AS -9.1.1-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 張珈錡 Jia-Ci Chang 1.綠竹組織培養芽體形成於MS+0.1 mg/l NAA+3 mg/l of BAP，發根的誘導採用以2芽為一芽團培養於MS+0.01 BAP mg/L + 2.0 mg/L NAA，發根芽體於溫室中進行2週的馴化再移植至塑膠容器中培養，最後移至田間栽培，成活率100%。2.鳳梨組織培養可使用冠芽分生組織大量繁殖，試驗結果利用BAP及NAA不同組合在誘導芽體的增殖，最優化的培養基為MS培養基添加2.0 mg/L BAP。3.板藍根組織培養，以側芽為培植體進行增殖培養，其中培養三週後以1/2MS＋2mg/L BAP＋0.1 mg/L IAA，叢生芽體形成率高達95.2%，在1/2MS＋4 mg/L BAP＋0.1 mg/L IAA最高芽體形成率最高(98.5%)。4.地黃的根改改善便秘之動物模式評估，本研究以每日餵食地黃的根可否改善大鼠的便秘。結果顯示，餵食Loperamide 1% 及5% TP的處理對緩解大鼠便秘對糞便的乾重及其中水分含量並無影響。5.春石斛組培苗出瓶種植後之植株後續生長表現仍受到增殖階段培養基成分之影響，以低濃度MS基礎鹽類培養基(1/4MS)、高濃度馬鈴薯粉(2-4g/L)和蔗糖(20-30g/L)所增殖培養之組培苗，其植株後續生長表現較佳，顯示組培瓶苗之品質於栽培初期顯著的影響植株之生長表現。6.春石斛組培苗於不同月份種植，初步觀察對植株之成活率無顯著之影響。7.金童石斛萃取物緩解第二型糖尿病試驗中，因誘導小鼠產生病徵不穩定 |
，故無法作為給藥後觀察 。然另經動物細胞試驗，結果顯示金童石斛萃取物具有調節免疫系統 |
、抗發炎的功能。 1.In Bamboo (Bambusa oldhami Munro.) |
In vitro axillary shoot formation was successfully made in MS basal medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l NAA and 1.5 mg/l of BAP. Clamps of at least 2 shoots were used for root induction in MS medium with 0.01BAP mg/L and 2.0 mg/L NAA. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in green house for 2 weeks and then were transferred to the plastic container. 100% survival rate was recorded after field transfer.2.In vitro mass-propagation of Ananas comosus L. (pineapple) in tissue culture system was carried out using crown tip meristem. The result shows that the crown tip managed to induce shoots in different concentrations of BAP.3.Optimum shoot proiferation was obtained onto MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP and MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L BAP/0.5 mg/L NAA.In vitro Isatis tinctoria L. |
Treatment of 1/2MS＋2 mg/L BAP＋0.1 mg/L IAA was found best in multiple shoots induction from lateral bud explants |
induction percentage reached 95.2% |
shoots were formed after culture for 3 weeks. The highest percent shoot formation which is 98.5% was found in the treatment of 1/2MS＋4 mg/L BAP＋0.1 mg/L IAA.4.Roots of Rehmannia glutinosa as a Diet for Improvement of Constipation in Rats. This study was conducted to determine effects of Rehmannia glutinosa roots (TP) as a diet for improvement of constipation in rats.Results showed that the rats treated with Loperamide and fed with 1% or 5% TP had no significant in fecal weight |
dry stool weight and water content (%) of feces (P ＜ 0.05) compared to the negative control.5.The growth performance of Dendrobium after planting in greenhouse still affected by shoot proliferation medium components in the tissue culture stage. The the plantlets cultured from shoot proliferation medium supplement with a low concentration MS basic medium (1 / 4MS) |
high concentrations of potato (2-4g / L) and sucrose (20-30g / L) |
its subsequent growth performed better |
results showed the quality of tissue culture plants will significant effects on the growth performance in the early cultivation.6.There is no significant effect on the survival rate of Dendrobium plantlets that planting in different months.7.In this study |
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2014 仙履蘭產業技術開發及應用 Development and application of Paphiopedilum industry technology 103農科-9.1.1-種-X3 103AS -9.1.1-SS-X3 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 廖玉珠 Yu-Ju Liao 1.建立仙履蘭maudiae type 品系之微體繁殖體系，以仙履蘭開花株之分蘗芽或花苞等部位誘導出之芽體探討繼代增殖及發根之最佳培養條件 。以綠maudiae typy 'The Queen'之分生苗增殖階段每代培養時間對增殖倍率之影響—培養時間長增殖倍數有較高之趨勢，以每次繼代培養時間為2.5、3、4、4.5個月，結果顯示：以培養4個月之增殖倍數最高，分別為1.93、1.51、2.83、2.4。另於發根階段培養於含鉀濃度20mM之培養基中，不論在株高、葉幅、根數、根長表現最佳。若鉀濃度提高至40mM根長明顯下降顯示根的生長受到抑制。2.以Comple type 4266及Maudiae type 4321為材料於不同溫控溫室栽培1年後，以栽培於一般溫室的對照組生長稍佳。在高溫30/28的處理下生長狀況最差，而Maudiae type 4321較能耐受高溫的處理，Complex type則相對較適應大溫差環境。在不同溫控溫室及海拔栽培下，Complex type 4518開花率可達76.7%且開花較整齊，高溫差或較涼溫的環境下，有加速開花之作用，但相對栽培於梅峰、春陽其敗育率也較高，而Maudiae type-4321則開花較不具一致性，二者之開花與溫度處理似乎無直接關聯性。分析其糖類成分與開花的關係，可觀察在9月花苞形成的月分，會消耗大量性可溶性糖類，但是C/N易受環境影響，因此目前並不適用為仙履蘭花朵誘導指標。3.以葉面施肥方式每週施用不同濃度之N(0、50、100、200、400 mg.L-1)、P(0、25、50、75、100 mg.L-1)、K(0、50、100、200、400 mg.L-1)營養液，評估對仙履蘭maudiae type 9905品系植株初期生長(1-6個月)之影響。試驗顯示，仙履蘭初期生長仍以低肥料濃度為佳(50 mg.L-1N、25 mg.L-1P和0 mg.L-1K)，但較高之肥料濃度(400mg.L-1N、100 mg.L-1K以下)對植株之地上部和地下部之生長亦無顯著的抑制作用。因此，採用葉面噴施低濃度營養液之肥料施用方法，應可作為仙履蘭種苗栽培初期肥培管理之參考。 According former researches |
It is difficult in vitro propagation between Interspecies of slipper orchids. To establish in vitro propagation for subgenus of Paphiopedilum will be done.To improvement Paphiopedilum in vitro propagation system.Complex type 4266 and Maudiae type 4321 seedlings cultured in different day-night temperature after 1 year |
the result indicate that the growth coefficient of control group is better and cultured in 30/28 day-night temperature |
made both of two type growth worse.In the result |
Maudiae type4321 also showed a better tolerence to high temperature |
while Complex 4266 could adapted large temperature variation than Maudiae. In addition |
cultured under different day/nigh temperature and high altitude |
the flowering rate of Complex type 4266 could up to 76.7% |
and with a better uniformity. The flower of Complex type 4266 also developed more quickly under larger temperature variation or cooler temperature but aborted more easily (in Mei-feng and ChunYang).Meanwhile |
Maudiae type 4321 has a ununiformed flowering habit. Due to the result |
seems both of their flowering habit do not have directly relationship with temperature. As to the testing of total soluble sugar |
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2014 建立硬質玉米種子籌供體系 Establishment of hybrid corn production and supplying system 103農科-9.2.2-種-X1 103AS -9.2.2-SS-X1 農場 Research Farm 陳學文 Hsueh-Wen Chen 計畫於台中市新社地區，以台農1號及台南24號玉米兩品種，進行秋季栽培，並以不同去雄方式及保留穗上節位數處理，調查對環境適應性、生育特性及產量之影響，以作未來量產模式之參考。尋找參試品種新採種栽培及調整採種適期以適應氣候變遷，建立量產模式，穩定生產種子，以配合政府政策，生產所需種子。搜集國際商用飼料玉米品種，評估各品種於台灣之適應性，建立適宜台灣種植之國際飼料玉米品種資料庫，期能提供農民多樣選擇並穩定飼料玉米種子供應。調查及紀錄調製過程中，外界氣候條件對穗倉中倉溫及相對濕度之影響，以及利用不同乾燥處理方式探討對玉米種子水分變化、種子發芽率、發芽勢等之影響，期能達最佳能源利用效率及品質兼顧。 We conducted different planting dates for Tainan no.24 parents in Taichung area for autumn corp. To discuss the influence for number of leaves on the ear of corn after detasseling on seed production of c o r n . I n v e s t i g a t i o n o f a d a p t a b i l i t y t o e n v i r o n m e n t a n d g r o w t h characteristics and yield |
as reference for future production models.This year we introduced three new varieties including S11 |
S12 |
and 102.According to the first-year observation |
the heading stage of S11 is similar to Tainan No.24 and TNG1 |
and has the best yield performance in the spring.S11 is evaluated to be a early maturing commercial variety but further observation are needed.This research investigated the effects of climate conditions on the temperature and the relative humidity in storehouses of corncobs |
and used different drying methods to discuss the influence on the variation of corn seed moisture content |
germination rate and viability. The object of the research was to achieve both the best energy-using efficiency and the seed quality in storage. The data from the experiment showed that temperature in storehouses of corncobs was mainly affected by the moisture content of corncobs at earlier stage of drying process |
but varied with the atmosphere temperature at middle and later stage. On the other hand |
the effect of environments on the temperature in storehouses of corn seeds was unapparent |
because the drying time in storehouses of seeds was short |
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2014 優質番木瓜品種選育 Good quality varieties selection on papaya 103農科-9.2.3-種-X1 103AS -9.2.3-SS-X1 屏東種苗研究中心 Pingtung Seed & Seeding Research Center 邱展台 Chan-Tai Chiu 本年度進行優良耐儲運品系f7選拔，並進行雜交，供選拔優良組合進行後續試驗。果皮光滑品系選育，係以Golden為親本之雜交第四代，進行選拔。其雜交後代的果皮生理性斑點仍相當多，經第3代分離，共選出14株果皮較光滑特性的單株。其著果數65-142粒果重314-890公克，總可溶性固形物11.5-15 %Brix，果實品質優良。耐儲運品系選育，以引進自東南亞的品系與本場育成之品系為雜交，經7代選拔之選拔純化，共選出12個品系，12個品系均為紅色果肉，果重327-1226公克，果實數目58-123果，多為西洋梨形之中小型果，果實總可溶性物11.5-15.4 % Brix ，採收5天後之果肉硬度以103- P16及103-O38之硬度最高。觀察14個耐儲運之新組合雜交一代其果實品質及儲運性均優於台農二號，但產量則低於台農二號，各項性狀仍需進一步觀察。 The resistant character of storage and transportation were selected.Hybrid combinations for subsequent comparison test had been done. Peel smooth |
less flecks of strain providing isolation and selection for next year. Peel smooth breeding program utilize Golden variety for the parents |
after separation of the fourth generation |
were selected. The flecks of third generation were still severe. Fourteen lines with Peel smooth characteristic were selected. The fruits number are 6 5 to 142 per plant and fruit weight are 314 to 890 grams |
total soluble solid are 11.5~15 Brix |
good fruit quality. Breeding program of tolerant to storage and transportation was conducted |
utilizing introduced strains from Southeast Asia. Through 7 generations |
segregation and purification |
12 lines were obtained. All 12 strains are red pulp |
medium sized fruit of the pear-shaped |
high sweetness. All twelve lines’ fruit have higher firmness and the flesh softens speed slower than the Tainoun No2.Observes 14 to tolerant the storage and transport the new combination.The fruit quality and the storage and transport character surpasses Tainoun no.2 |
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2014 仙履蘭及熱帶球根花卉品種改良與種苗生產技術開發 Improvement on slipper orchid and tropic bulb flowers breeding and establishment the seedling production 103農科-9.2.5-種-X1 103AS -9.2.5-SS-X1 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 劉明宗 Ming-Chung Liu 依照仙履蘭育種四大目標進行雜交授粉工作，103年篩選優良雜交後裔PA95110及PA95008組合，PA95110雜交後裔組合為綠葉中型植株，於唇瓣會有鮮豔的紫紅色特徵，翼瓣邊緣波浪，適合單花或組合盆觀賞；PA95008雜交後裔組合為綠葉單花、綠紅花及上萼瓣渾圓特性，可作為組合盆觀賞。孤挺花已選拔出具潛力單株3株，香氣育種方面，以氣相層析-質譜儀(GCMS QP-2010 Shimadza |
Tokyo |
Japan)分析香氣成分，從親本圃中篩選出具香氣親本分別是 ‘Estella’的主要香氣成分有羅勒烯、芳樟醇、金合歡烯及反式-橙花叔醇等； ‘Trendsetter’ 主要香氣成分為β-芳樟醇、桉油醇、羅勒烯、α-松油醇及金合歡烯等；‘Blossom Peacock’之主要香氣成分是桉油醇、β-芳樟醇、羅勒烯、環己烯甲醇及金合歡烯等，可作為育種親本。目前已選拔出‘種苗一號粉珍珠’新品種。其花朵會散發出輕微香氣。其香氣主要成分是桉油醇、β-芳樟醇、羅勒烯、Linalool oxide、環己烯甲醇 及金合歡烯等。在彩色海芋方面，103年雜交組合共30組合，以金黃色系與紫黑色系為主；94及95年雜交後裔中已篩選具潛力彩色海芋單株3株，為金黃色、紅色及紫黑色。花朵數2-3朵，其中紫色單株花莖較短，可為盆花，其餘為切花用途。在宮燈百合利用不同切球方式對於宮燈百合種球養成之影響，在地上部生育部分，植株最大葉長、花朵數、結束開花節間位數之性狀上均為顯著性差異，以不切球方式之生育性狀綜合表現為最好，但萌芽總數則以切球處理表現最佳。金花石算部分則是利用GA3浸漬種球可促進種球萌芽天數縮短，大球比小球的50%萌芽日數及萌芽終止日數較短。 According to four goals in slipper orchids breeding |
we have selected superior progenies ‘PA95110’ and ’PA95008’ with multi-flowers |
good flower shape and color characteristics. Bulbous of amaryllis breeding |
we have selected 3 potential hybrid progenies of double-flower type and selected 3 cultivars with fragrance for fragrance breeding. In fragrance amaryllis breeding |
we have bred new variety‘T.S.S. No.1-Pink Pearl’which flowers emit a light fragrance. The aroma composition is Cineole |
beta-Linalool |
1.3.6-Octatriene |
Linalool oxide |
3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol and alpha-Farnesene. Calla lilies breeding |
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2014 春石斛開花株生理指標及花期調節管理體系之建立 Set up nobile-type dendrobium mature index and flowering regulation systerm 103農科-9.2.5-種-X2 103AS -9.2.5-SS-X2 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭孄婷 Lan-Ting Kuo 不公開 Not public |
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2014 植物品種檢定流程分析、人員訓練及分子標誌開發 Analyzing the examining process flow |
training faculty members and developing molecular marker of plant variety right 103農科-9.2.6-種-X1 103AS -9.2.6-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張惠如 Hui-Ju Chang 不公開 Not public |
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2014 植物品種開發及種苗驗證之應用研究-植物種苗認驗證體系建立 Construct the accreditation system for plant seedlings 103農科-9.2.6-種-X2 103AS -9.2.6-SS-X2 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 周佳霖 Chia-Lin Chou 一、健康種苗之母本檢測與母本園建構及維護：本年度完成馬鈴薯12品種(系)及鳳梨3品種病毒檢測，所測樣品皆無血清反應。並完成母本園設施改善與建置，可供健康種苗母本保存及檢測研發利用。另外，利用實驗室可取得之8種不同材質吸附膜，進行馬鈴薯病毒 Y 之汁液印漬捕捉反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應(Print Capture RT-PCR |
PC-RT-PCR)檢測技術測試，以建立可縮短抽取核酸的人力物力之檢測技術，試驗結果以CALBIOCHEM公司產品Miracloth為最佳。二、ISTA豆類種子健康檢查驗證體系之建立：為建立種子檢查室之豌豆葉斑病菌與菜豆炭疽病菌檢測作業流程，本年度依國際種子檢查協會公告之檢測方式建立檢測流程，並實際測試檢測流程的穩定性。三、種子(苗)品質純度分子檢測技術研發及標準化：本年度以葫蘆科西瓜為基礎，開發20組SSR與16組SNP品種檢定分子標誌，經篩選後計有14組SSR與13組SNP標誌可檢定計22個不同的西瓜雜交組合，且計有至少93個多型性表現。 In this study |
virus diseases in 12 varieties of potato and 3 varieties of pineapple were tested |
and all samples would have produced negative results. In addition |
facilities of mother-stock house had been improved |
that would benefit healthy seedling conservation and development. The 8 different kinds absorbent membranes were test to instead the RNA extraction protocol before RT-PCR for PVY detection. The most efficient material was Miracloth which was production by CALBIOCHEM. For establishment the health check of the seed beans verification system by ISTA |
the objective of this program is to establish the seed testing procedures on Ascochyta pinodes and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. The procedure in coincidence with ISTA rules has been established and confirmed the stability. To increase industrial competitiveness |
20 SSR and 16 SNP markers had been developed in this project for testing hybridization seeds based on cucurbitaceae. Results showed that 14 SSR and 13 SNP markers distinguish the hybridization purity in 22 watermelon hybrids and represent at least 93 polymorfics. |
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2014 種子品質及處理技術研發 Developement for the seed processing techniques to promoting seed quality 103農科-9.2.6-種-X3 103AS -9.2.6-SS-X3 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 黃玉梅 Yu-Mei Huang 不公開 Not public |
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2014 植物新品種檢定技術之開發與執行 Plant Seed Group-The Technical Development and DUS Test Execution of Plant Variety Protection System 103農科-9.2.6-種-X4 103AS -9.2.6-SS-X4 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 安志豪 Chih-Hao An 本(103)年度已完成草擬狐狸尾蘭及合果芋並修訂文心蘭與彩葉芋品種性狀表與試驗檢定方法，透過增修訂品種性狀表及試驗檢定方法，擴增國內植物品種權受保護之植物種類。關於蝴蝶蘭及玫瑰等作物資料庫建立方面，已收集15個蝴蝶蘭、5個玫瑰商業品種並完成品種性狀調查及資料庫建置，透過資料庫建置，以利未來對照品種之資料比對搜尋。本年度受理新品種性狀檢定工作計蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭85件、文心蘭5件、玫瑰20件及桂花5件；正進行性狀檢定中之案件為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭30件、文心蘭6件及玫瑰8件；檢定完成資料整理中為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭35件、文心蘭4件及蕙蘭1件；檢定完成且審查結束為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭80件、文心蘭8件及玫瑰1件，透過植物品種權制度，確保植物育種者權利及品種保護之效力，同時也提升農業產值之提升。 The purpose of this project is to establish the test guidelines and execute DUS tests. We modified the test guideline and table of characteristics of rhynchostylis |
araceae |
Caladium × hortulanum and oncidium. We also collected 15 commercial varieties of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
and 5 commercial varieties of rose |
and investigated their characteristics for establishing variety database. We accepted 85 cases of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
5 cases of oncidium |
20 cases of rose and 5 cases of osmanthus to execute DUS tests for protecting the breeder’s rights this year. 30 cases of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
6 cases of oncidium |
8 cases of rose have been executing DUS tests. 80 cases of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
8 cases of oncidium and 2 cases of roses have been granted to be new varieties. |
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2014 馬鈴薯種薯與藥用植物種苗量產體系建立 Establishment of mass production system of seed potato and medicinal plant seedling 103農科-9.2.6-種-X5 103AS -9.2.6-SS-X5 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 王至正 Jhih-Jheng Wang 不公開 Not public |
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2014 作物遺傳種原收集、保存與利用 Preservation |
collection and application of germplasm 103農科-9.2.6-種-X6 103AS -9.2.6-SS-X6 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 薛佑光 Yu-Kuang Hsueh 蔬菜種原的收集與繁殖為品種改良之重要來源，為確保種原庫種子活力和繁殖能力，因此有計畫地分年進行繁殖更新是有其必要性，今年度完成102冬-103春年期芥藍26品系、結球白菜40品種、青花菜6品種，夏作10個西瓜種原、12個萵苣品種，秋作2個豇豆地方品種之蔬菜種原栽培管理、性狀調查、授粉採種、種子調製、秤重、包裝及貯藏於種原庫等。並進行103年冬-104年春年期59種蔬菜種原育苗、定植栽培。種原利用先進行西瓜花粉保存技術之研發，以西瓜品系‘402’、‘405’及‘408’為參試材料，採收開花當日之新鮮花藥，經氯化鎂乾燥24小時後，花粉發芽率低於未乾燥及乾燥5小時之處理，但經液態氮保存1個月後，花粉發芽率則相對高於該兩處理。原生綠化苗木103年度收集桃實百日青、蚊母樹、疏脈赤楠、十大功勞、杜虹花、蘭嶼裸實、細葉杜鵑、白木蘇花、大果厚殼桂、細葉蚊母樹、蘭嶼樹杞、風箱樹、莢蒾、台東石楠、壽娘子、恆春楨楠、枯里珍、台灣櫸、水社柳及台灣野牡丹藤等20種原生綠化苗木分別為2種金縷梅科、2種馬鞭草科、2種樟科，紫金牛科、羅漢松科、杜鵑花科、蘇木科、姚金釀科、衛矛科、小蘗科、茜草科、忍冬科、薔薇科、大戟科、榆科、楊柳科、野牡丹科各1種。蜜雪梨品種(農試種苗二號)係農業試驗所早年以高海拔新世紀梨與平地橫山梨雜交之後裔，經本場多年選拔所育成品質優良之梨品種。於民國八十三年七月命名通過，本品種適合海拔400至800公尺左右地區栽培，屬低海拔地區之低溫需求梨，生長勢強、低溫需求少、不需再高接、產量高、果實碩大、果肉雪白、不易褐化、甜脆多汁及清爽可口，甚受消費者喜愛。103年度特定選擇生長較優勢的100植株，進行有系列栽培管理。於102年底進行樹幹修剪整枝建立優良樹型。於修剪後施有機質肥料每棵20公斤。103年起陸續進行病蟲害防治、疏果及果實套袋作業。7月份蜜雪梨果品採收量為2 |
388公斤，果品糖度平均為11.12Brix。其中選擇3株樹勢較佳樹體進行嫁接，與未嫁接蜜雪梨果品比較，嫁接處理果品重526.3g﹔未嫁接處理果品重540.2g。嫁接處理果品糖度為10.8 Brix﹔未嫁接處理果品糖度為11.2Brix。木蘭科綠美化苗木全年收集11種種原，分別為烏心石、蘭嶼烏心石、白花辛夷、紅花辛夷、粉花辛夷、紫花辛夷、夜合、白玉蘭、黃玉蘭、含笑及紫花含笑。植株生育健壯後，再調查生長狀況及性狀等以待種原保存用。其中以黃玉蘭為試驗材料，利用三種栽培介質作為處理，調查每階段黃玉蘭種苗之生育情形，總體表現看來以泥炭土為育苗介質處理比泥炭土、珍珠石、蛭石介質混合比例1:1:1及田土生育效果佳，將繼續觀察各處理苗株生育表現，期能選出最適景觀綠化容器苗管理模式。台灣本土多樣性資源豊富，利用既有的農業科技基礎，保存植物種原，經濟栽培台灣野生植物及開發利用植物種子種苗有利於生態保育。香藥草植物資源之保存及維護約600種，並進行薑科植物萃取物保濕性測試及利用18種香藥草植物萃取液進行防蚊測試，其中以5種精油配製的複方防蚊膏比市售的產品效果佳。茄科及瓜類蔬菜種原計畫分別收集亞洲地區胡瓜及茄子種原，進行栽培及種原更新，同時調查植株生育特性，初步篩選出20個高雌性胡瓜品系及20個質優耐病的茄子品系，其中20個胡瓜品系皆具有單為結果性特徵，茄子在耐青枯病觀察方面，有5個品系耐病性表現較佳，可作為育種之利用及試驗材料之選擇。 R e n e w e d v e g e t a b l e g e r m p l a s m f o r 9 4 v a r i e t i e s o f c u l t i v a t e d |
investigation |
harvesting |
packaging and stored seed. Including 12 new lettuce varieties We had renewed 26 species of kale |
40 species of Chinese cabbage |
6 species of broccoli |
and 10 species of watermelon in this year. In the meanwhile |
we had completed the characteristic investigation of all. Anthers of water melon lines ‘402’、‘405’及‘408’ were used as materials in the pollen preservation experiment.Generally speaking |
pollen germination percentage of anthers dehydrated for 24 hours by magnesium chloride was lower than those of non-and 5 hour-desiccation treatments. However |
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2014 蔬菜有機種衣劑及種子有機處理基準之研究 Establishment of vegetables organic coating material and organic processing benchmark in seedling 103農科-9.2.7-種-X1 103AS -9.2.7-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 蘇士閔 Shih-Min Su 在有機種衣劑部分，本試驗以大豆、毛豆、紅豆、四季豆、花生及玉米為材料進行有機配方的種子披衣試驗，使用底衣粉：高嶺土及滑石1：1及底衣液：10% 阿拉伯膠、2.5%膜衣劑、1%三仙膠皆不影響上述種子發芽率。於大豆及玉米披衣種子中添加500倍辣蒜精、100倍木醋液、500倍苦棟油亦皆不影響種子發芽。大豆披衣種子添加一層100%苦茶粕、菸草粉、辣椒粉、香蒜粉再披衣一層底衣粉及外層加入100%硫磺粉、竹碳粉至不見原披衣層；玉米披衣種子添加一層100% 硫磺粉、竹碳粉、辣椒粉、香蒜粉75%苦茶粕、50%菸草粉後再披衣一層底衣粉之處理與對照組相較下較不影響發芽表現。將添加辣蒜精、木醋液、苦棟油、硫磺粉、竹碳粉、辣椒粉、香蒜粉、金色及桃紅色色粉的玉米披衣種子隨機播種於花蓮農地，第一週發芽率在90-97%之間，第二週後缺株率在1.5 - 3.3株間，各處理無明顯差異。在有益微生物處理部分，叢枝菌根菌及蕈狀芽孢桿菌在不同接菌方式對西瓜種子的發芽率與幼苗的生長均無顯著影響，但對豌豆苗期具有促進生長的效果。 Soybean |
green soybean |
red bean |
string bean |
peanut and corn were used for this seed coating experiment. Kaolinite and talc mixed 1:1 and combine with 10% Aracica gum |
2.5% film-coating agent and 1% Xanthan gum did not influence the germination percentage after coating. The coated seeds did not influence the germination percentage compared with control by following treatment: added chili and garlic extract x500 |
wood vinegar x100 |
neem oil x500 of soybean and corn seeds; added one layer of 100% tea seed pomace |
tobacco powder |
chili powder |
garlic powder then added one layer of coating powder on the surface; added 100% sulphur powder and biocarbon powder to the surface of coated soybean seeds; added one layer of 100% sulphur powder |
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2014 番木瓜有機栽培及有機雜交種子生產研究 Study on organic cultivation and organic papaya seed 103農科-9.2.7-種-X2 103AS -9.2.7-SS-X2 屏東種苗研究中心 Pingtung Seed & Seeding Research Center 邱展台 Chan-Tai Chiu 本試驗擬於春夏季定植木瓜，以植株幼年期度過雨季避開疫病危害，並於冬春季果實炭疽病發生率較低時開始成熟採收。以窄域油及石灰硫礦液防治螨類及秀粉介殼蟲危害，並調查以有機肥料取代化學肥料的效果。試驗結果顯示於植株成活後即開始每週施用窄域油及石灰硫礦液可以抑制螨類及秀粉介殼蟲的發生。木瓜每株分別施用4、8、12公斤有機粒肥等3種施肥量，以施用12公斤之結果數最多，且施肥量與結果數有顯著的線性關係。木瓜果實糖度在有機及慣行栽培間無顯著差異。亞磷酸於雨季無法抑制木瓜成熟果實的病害發生，8月雨季期間，果實的疫病及炭疽病達100%，農藥亦無法抑制。 Papaya were planted on spring and summer respectively |
young plant passed the rainy season to plant to avoid disease hazards |
and to begin to mature at lower incidence of anthracnose of fruits in winter and spring. By the narrow range oil and lime sulphur fluid preventing and controlling man kind of and the scale insect harm |
and investigates the effects of the organic fertilizer substitution chemical fertilizer.Apply employ the narrow range oil and the lime sulphur fluid may suppress mites and the scale insect's occurrence. Papaya plants apply 4 |
8 |
12 kilogram organic granulated fertilizer respect |
apply 12 kilogram result in fruit numbers to be most |
also the quantity of fertilizer and the fruits number have the remarkable linear relations.The papaya fruit sugar content in organic and tradition of cultivation do not remarkable difference. The phosphorous acid is unable in the rainy season to suppress the mature papaya fruit disease occurrence |
in August rainy season period |
fruit epidemic disease and anthrax reach 100% |
the agricultural chemicals are also unable to suppress |
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2014 提升具競爭力外銷型農糧作物產業價值鏈之研究 Study to make Industrial value chain more competitive for expert in the agricultural seedlings industry 103農科-9.2.9-種-X1 103AS -9.2.9-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 文紀鑾 Chi-Luan Wen 本計畫擬在國內組織培生產設施，首次導入國際品質管理認證(ISO 9001:2008)系統，強化品質管理能力並作為其他組織培養場推動參考，藉此平台與國際接軌，提升產業之國際競爭力。通過TAF(全國認證基金會)驗證稽核，並取得證書。核發領域為彩色海芋組織培養苗之生產。組培專業證照訓練規劃透過「問卷調查」與「實地或電話訪談」兩方式，針對無菌操作台大於50台以上組培廠商其「基層技術人員」，以及「基層管理人員」，調查其職能需求，並將從中獲得之質性與量性調查結果，進一步進行統計分析，再將初步統整之調查結果，提交於內部意見交流會議討論，以凝聚未來組培專業技術士訓練制度規劃共識。運用種子品質快速檢測技術－Q2種子活力測定儀(Q2)進行番茄種子不同活力種子檢測，透過和標準發芽試驗比較，Q2可有效於14天內判別小果番茄’台南亞蔬6號’及大果番茄’花連亞蔬18號’之不同活力種子品質情況，因此Q2種子活力測定儀可有效判定番茄種子活力品質。以‘臺農2號’商業果實之F2種子為材料，先探討番木瓜種子發酵程度對種子儲藏後發芽率之影響。發酵4日內，無論是新鮮種子或調製後種子，種子活力及活勢並未改變；隨著發酵程度提高，種子活力及活勢會下降，隨著發酵時間越長，而下降程度越大。10oC儲藏3個月種子發芽率也沒有明顯變化。關於調製溫度及含水率對種子儲藏後發芽率之影響，預備試驗中，提高種子調製溫度，不影響含水率30%以下種子發芽率，對於調製溫度 (15、25、35℃) 及含水率 (15%、10%、7.5%) 對番木瓜種子發芽率之影響的試驗，仍在進行中。以防雨之設施栽培健康之種苗，並建構無病毒種苗之驗證體系，建立商業量產之草莓無特定病原健康種苗，避免使用非健康種苗造成的損失，進而建立完整的草莓健康種苗生產系統。於葉長、葉寬部分，組培苗及其走莖繁殖苗之葉片大小平均較農民自行留種苗的小，顯示組培苗的生長式較弱，且具有叢生現象。果實之型態與品質方面，農民自行留種苗之果實於結果初期果實較大，畸形果之比率略隨著組培走莖繁殖苗代數而減少，甜度方面則無明顯差異，故在栽培上，以組培走莖繁殖二代苗以上較有利。以ELISA篩選無特定病原芋頭種苗，並以組織培養建立芋頭健康母瓶。比較4種芋頭增殖培養基，不同IAA濃度對芋頭瓶苗增殖倍率與發根情形等影響並不顯著，然以MS培養基添加IAA 0.01 mg/L之芋頭瓶苗根長最短，對於繼代培養快速增殖操作較為便利。本年度協助業者出具ISTA橙色檢驗證種子計有西瓜、南瓜、胡瓜、辣椒類、番茄、甘藍、菜豆、萵苣、玉米、茄子、花椰菜及青花菜等12種作物共66件，總重16 |
327.5公斤，ISTA藍色檢驗證種子計有有白菜、油菜、莧菜、芹菜、芥菜、玉米及花椰菜等7種，共17件，國內市售種子品質與標示查驗，抽驗322件樣品中達標示之發芽率以上者有305件，未達標示發芽率者計有17件，送檢樣品符合標示發芽率者為95.8%。 "The plan proposed tissue culture production facilities in Taiwan |
first time into international quality management certification (ISO 9 |
001:2008) system |
strengthening quality management and training as other organizations promoting references |
use this platform with international standards |
and enhance the international competitiveness of the industry. Through the TAF (National Foundation for authentication) validation audit |
and acquired the certificate. Issue areas for the production of micropropagated seedlings of calla lily. Group culture professional certification certificate according to training planning through \\""questionnaire survey\\"" and \\""field or phone interview\\"" |
for Laminar Flow is greater than 50 Taiwan above group culture manufacturers its \\""technicians\\"" |
and \\""manager\\"".The study is aim to test the different vigor of tomato seeds byQ2 Scanner and try to find rapid seed vigor testing method. Compared to traditional germinations |
Q2 scanner can identify the different vigor of cherry tomato seed ’Tainan AVRDC No. 6‘ and tomato seed ‘Hualien AVRDC No. 18‘ in 14 days. Consequently |
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2014 原鄉地區原生種作物選育改良、改進作物栽培技術-原鄉馬鈴薯栽培試作及原生豇豆之應用 Study on improvement of native cropvarieties and crop cultivation technology in indigenous area－Test cultivation of potato and application of native asparagus bean in indigenous area 103農科-9.2.10-種-X1 103AS -9.2.10-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 羅英妃 Ying-Fei Lo 國內8-11月是有機及鮮食馬鈴薯缺貨的季節，原住民部落可利用海拔高度栽培馬鈴薯，以供應夏季的有機鮮食市場。於高海拔設施栽培可以在梅雨季節開始栽種並於8-9月採收，設施栽培薯球產量比露天栽培多一倍，露天栽培則建議於梅雨季節過後，於9-10月採收。中海拔(700m)栽培馬鈴薯比高海拔(2100m)露天栽培產量來得低，於中海拔地區進行不同克尼伯品系營養系的單株產量大約分佈在145-279公克之間，其中以101A、及101G品系之產量表現為最佳，此外，在原鄉部落收集到2個品系，採集後移至本場溫室栽培，在高溫的環境下可以順利產生種薯。原生豇豆以綠皮的品系1產量最高，建議部落種植時將此品系單一種植或混合其他品系種植，可達到較佳的產量。種植原生豇豆品系，期間並無灌溉、施肥及噴化學藥劑，進行粗放栽培即有產量，為省工栽培的有機產品開發，故原生豇豆有機栽培在原鄉部落是具有可行性的。 Market is short of organic and fresh potatoes from August to November in Taiwan. Therefore |
some aboriginal people can produce potatoes for fresh organic market in summer by taking advantage of higher altitude where they cultivate. People can plant potato in the facility in high land during the rainy season and harvest in August to September |
which produce twice as yield as those grown in the open field. It is recommended to begin to plant potatoes in the open field after the rainy season |
and harvest in September to October. Additionally |
the yield of potato grown in an altitude of 700m in the open field is lower than that in 2100m above the sea level. In the meanwhile |
the yield per plant of different Kennebec clones grown in the elevation of 700mwas different between 145 and 279 grams |
which clone 101A and 101G had higher yield. Furthermore |
we collected 2 potato clones in the tribal homeland and successfully produced tubers after moving to the greenhouse in our station under high temperature environment. In another experiment |
native green-skin cowpea strain 1had the highest yield among test strains |
and we recommended to plant the strain singled or mixed to get the higher yield when grown in the indigenous tribe area. Planting native strains of cowpea with no irrigation |
fertilization and spraying chemicals could successfully harvest pods |
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2014 農業副產物應用於仙履蘭、春石斛、國蘭、文心蘭等蘭科作物種苗栽培介質之研發 Use of agricultural byproducts as growing substrates for orchids seedling 103農科-9.2.12-種-X1 103AS -9.2.12-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 張珈錡 Jia-Ci Chang 本試驗利用玉米穗軸、花生殼、香菇廢棄太空包等農業副產物不同比例混合之配方作為替代性栽培介質，評估應用於仙履蘭、春石斛、文心蘭和國蘭4種蘭科作物種苗栽培之可行性。由試驗結果得知，仙履蘭Maudiae Type品系之組培苗適合栽培於玉米穗軸、花生殼、香菇廢棄太空包混合比例為：2:0:1和0:3:1之介質，苗期則以栽培於2:0:1、0:2:1和對照組之植株生育表現較佳。春石斛Dendrobium Lai’s Yukisakura品種，以不同替代性介質配方處理之植株根系於換盆初期褐化，影響後續植株之生長，與對照組相比呈現顯著的生長弱勢。文心蘭Oncidium Wildcat品種以栽培於100%香菇廢棄太空包介質之植株各性狀綜合表現最佳；Oncidium Rosy Sunset品種則以100%玉米穗軸、100%香菇廢棄太空包、2:0:1、1:2:0和對照組5種介質處理較佳。報歲蘭以1:4:2和1:2:4之介質處理對植株生長較佳；四季蘭則以1:2:4之介質處理植株生長較佳。 In order to seek replacement materials for cultivation of orchids seedling |
this research uses mixed substrates of different ratio corn cobs |
peanut shells and mushroom waste sawdust. Results showed that young plant of Paphiopedilum were planted in mixed substrates at mixing ratio of 2:0:1 and 0:3:1(corn cobs: peanut shells: mushroom waste sawdust |
v/v/v) were better than other treatments. The optimal substrates for seedlings of Paphiopedilum planting were controls treatment and mixed substrates at mixing ratio of 2:0:1 and 0:2:1(v/v/v). Using mixed substrates cause root-browning and slow growth of Dendrobium seedlings.Seedlings of Oncidium Wildcat growed well by using 100% mushroom waste sawdust as substrate. Seedlings of Onc. Rosy Sunset were planted in mixed substrates at mixing ratio of 2:0:1 |
1:2:0 (v/v/v) |
100% corn cobs |
100% mushroom waste sawdust and control treatment were better than other treatments. The optimal substrates for seedlings of Cymbidium sinense were mixing ratio of 1:4:2 |
1:2:4 (v/v/v) |
and the optimal substrates for seedlings of Cymbidium ensifolium were mixing ratio of 1:2:4(v/v/v).According to the results |
it is feasible that using corn cobs |
peanut shells and mushroom waste sawdust to cultivate Paphiopedilum |
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2014 種子(苗)有害生物診斷鑑定技術、檢驗技術驗證及防治技術之研究與應用 Establishment and Research of Seed andSeedling pathogen detection |
protection Techniques 103農科-10.2.2-種-X1 103AS -10.2.2-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 邱燕欣 Yen-Hsin Chiu a.符合目標市場外銷國之種子苗驗證技術盤點與研發：發展標準化之馬鈴薯種薯病害採樣檢測流程符合健康種薯生產驗證之應用。本年度為發展馬鈴薯軟腐病與青枯病之免疫螢光檢測法。b.豇豆種傳病害滅菌處理技術之研究：開發有效的豇豆種子滅菌處理方法，降低豇豆種子攜帶萎凋病菌之機率，減少田間豇豆萎凋病之傳播與發生。豇豆種子所攜帶之豇豆萎凋病菌（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum(FOT)）能藉由污染種子表面或侵入種皮內部而進行傳播。本研究調查結果顯示，分別在屏東白仁白皮、紅花仁淡青皮、紫仁花莢豇豆與黑仁青莢目豆上檢測到FOT的存在，種帶FOT比率為3~25%。其他真菌與細菌的種帶比率也相當高，經表面消毒後雖可有效減少部分真菌與細菌的帶菌率，但仍有存在於種皮內部的可能性。利用殺真菌劑進行種子滅菌處理結果顯示，因種子自然攜帶FOT的比率偏低且不穩定，無法有效確定藥劑的滅菌效果。c.草莓病害非農藥防治技術開發：c.-1 草莓病害非農藥防治技術開發：研發適用於防治草莓炭疽病的非農藥製劑，以減少化學農藥的用量，降低農藥殘留對人體健康與環境生態的危害風險。結果顯示(1)於草莓組培培養基中施用不同濃度甲殼素，出瓶定植於介質後，接種炭疽病原菌，添加甲殼素濃度至100ppm時，炭疽病病斑偏小，而添加甲殼素其他濃度時則無差異。(2)利用不同濃度甲殼素處理草莓走莖苗防治草莓炭疽病的效果，結果顯示處理不同濃度甲殼素之草莓走莖苗初期罹病率較對照組低。比較草莓走莖苗接種炭疽病前摘葉與不摘葉處理，結果顯示接種炭疽病前未處理摘葉較處理摘葉之死亡率低。c-2 自台灣中南部及東部地區田土中分離出26株耐熱微生物，經對峙培養篩選出5株拮抗微生物，於PDA上可抑制草莓炭疽病菌落生長達44.62%以上； 5株拮抗微生物培養24小時的菌液即可抑制病原菌孢子發芽或發芽管生長。在生物防治試驗，刺傷接種炭疽病菌前草莓葉片處理拮抗微生物培養液， 1週後以編號B2014-12與21拮抗微生物可使病斑較對照組略小；刺傷接種後處理拮抗微生物編號B214-12亦可減少16%病斑面積。噴灑炭疽病菌孢子懸浮液接種前連續3天處理拮抗微生物菌液，以B2014-12處理較對照組罹病度減少2.3-4%，市售生物農藥則以Bs最具防治效果，可減少植株罹病度4.3-12.5%。d. 抗病毒血清製備技術之開發與利用：無性繁殖體在進行組織培養大量繁殖前，進行標的病害的檢測可確保繁殖體的健康，為生產健康種苗之基石。組織培養的標的病害包括病毒病、類病毒病以及菌質體病害，多以enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)、PCR(reverse transcription-PCR |
RT-PCR)，作為檢測植物病毒病之技術，其中ELISA仍是主要檢測植物病毒病之技術，血清為此技術之重要成本，因此本計畫擬以大腸桿菌表現轉殖之重組蛋白，作為生產標的病毒之蛋白來源，生產重要作物之檢測血清，本計畫於完成葡萄病毒A(Grapevine Virus A)之抗血清之生產80ml，力價稀釋可達8000-16 |
000倍。 a. Development of standardized sampling and testing of the potato disease potato production processes comply with health applications verified.b.The objective of this program is to develop a convenient and effective seed disinfection technique on asparagus bean for decreasing the ratio of seed carrying Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum. This disinfection technique will be helpful for diminishing the transmission and occurrence of the Fusarium wilt of asparagus bean in the fields.The Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum (FOT) carried by asparagus bean seeds could be transmitted by polluting the seed surface or infecting into seeds. The investigation results showed that the FOT was detected on four asparagus bean cultivars with ratio of 3-25%. Other fungi and bacteria were also detected with high seed-carried ratio |
but |
after surface disinfection |
the ratio of some fungi and bacteria decreased effectively. However |
it was still possible that the fungi and bacteria existed in seeds. The result of disinfection with fungicides indicated that the effect of chemicals were not able to be confirmed yet owing to FOT-carried ratio on asparagus seeds were low and not stable.c.c-1 Strawberry disease non-pesticide control technology development :research for prevention and treatment of strawberry anthracnose nonpesticide formulations to reduce the amount of chemical pesticides |
reducing pesticide residues on human health and the environment and ecology of the risk of harm. (1)Application of different concentrations of chitin in strawberry tissue culture medium. Processing plants 100 ppm concentration of chitin its anthrax lesion smaller and the processing of chitin concentrations no other impact.(2) Strawberry seedlings treated with different concentrations of chitin treatment after picking leaves and do not pick the leaves inoculated with anthrax bacteria. Strawberry seedlings treated with different concentrations of chitin |
its initial investigation of anthrax lower disease severity compared to the control .The results showed that treatment plants do not pick off the leaves and leaf compared |
the results do not pick leaves treatment had lower mortality. c-2 26 heat-resistant bacteria were isolated from field soil collected in central |
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2014 耐濕冷馬鈴薯品種選育 Wet and cold resistant breeding for potato 103農科-14.1.2-種-X1 103AS -14.1.2-SS-X1 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 張勝智 Sheng-Chih Chang 1. 異常的氣候，常是造成農民栽培作物歉收的主要原因之一。近幾年的氣候變遷，尤其是溫度與雨量的變化，均間接或直接造成生產的損失。馬鈴薯在台灣主要於冬季種植，但近年來的異常氣候，如低溫與多雨的異常氣候，常伴隨發生，導致馬鈴薯植株更易腐敗且多種病害發生嚴重，尤其是大規模晚疫病所造成的減產問題，故栽培者常需噴濕大量農藥防治與增加管理負擔，除影響農民收益外，更造成生產成本增加、食物安全與市場價格波動劇烈等問題，造成嚴重影響。因此為改善低溫高濕造成的多種問題，故以品種改良為目標，針對本場經多年選育具優良生長勢、產量與品質的48個營養系，進行低溫高濕的汰選評估。2. 經100/101年期的汰選，初選出11個具耐濕與高產生育特性的營養系(628、474、470、91A179、320、183、578、91N80、317、T75、462)，並於101/102年期持續汰選出5個分別(營養系470、628、91N80、320、462)具耐濕冷、生長勢強與高產，並具有中高耐病性(耐晚疫病)等特性之營養系，於102/103年再汰選評估出最優的3個營養系，分別為628、470與320，準備於103/104年期進行性狀調查，挑選表現最佳的營養系供作未來因應低溫高濕氣候的應用品種，期許能協助種苗業者克服因異常環境造成的減產與過量用藥等，所造成的食物安全與農民健康等問題。 1. Abnormal climate is often one of the main causes of farmers planting the crop failure. In recent years |
climate change |
the production of crops were especially caused loss by temperature and rainfall changing.Potato was mainly planted in winter in Taiwan. Anomalous Climate in recent years |
such as low temperature of climate anomalies was often associated with rainy. Those factors leaded to the potato corruption and induced more diseases. Especially large-scale production problems caused by late blight |
so growers often need to spraying pesticides to control and increase the burden. In addition to affecting farm income |
it also result in increased production costs |
food safety and market price volatility and other issues. Therefore |
in order to improve a variety of problems by low temperature and high wet |
we have been improved varieties by the goal. We select excellent growth potential |
yield and quality of 48 clones after years of breeding |
and we select and assess by low temperature and high humidity for 48 clones.2. Those clones were selected on 2009 to 2010 |
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2014 應用綠肥營造環境親和型水旱田輪作模式 The establishment of environment compatible crop rotation model on paddy field using green manure cr 103農科-14.1.3-種-X1 103AS -14.1.3-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 鄭梨櫻 Lee-Ying Cheng 為調整連續二期水稻後再栽培馬鈴薯之耕作制度，設計二項含水稻、綠肥及馬鈴薯之不同輪作制度，利用綠肥效益建立嘉義地區馬鈴薯環境親合型水旱田輪作模式。103年一期及二期作試驗結果，一期作輪作綠肥太陽麻及二期輪作青皮豆皆可增加土壤有效性氮含量。二項輪作綠肥模式以輪作模式B收益較高，惟三項模式之全年收益仍待進一步評估。 To adjust the cropping of rice after two consecutive potato cultivation |
design binomial different cropping systems of rice |
green manure and potato contain |
use of green manure benefits established environment friendly water upland crop rotation patterns. The first year test results |
a sun hemp or soybean as green manure crop rotation can increase the effectiveness of the nitrogen content of the soil. Second term green manure crop rotation patterns could had higher rotation benefits |
but full-year earnings of the three models have yet to be further evaluated. |
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2014 組織培養節能設備及技術之開發 Energy-saving equipment and technology development for tissue culture 103農科-14.1.3-種-X2 103AS -14.1.3-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 文紀鑾 Chi-Luan Wen 不公開 Not public |
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2014 健康種苗生產供應與健康管理體系之建立 Establishment of health seedlings production and health managementsystem 103農科-14.2.2-種-X1 103AS -14.2.2-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 羅英妃 Ying-Fei Lo 本年度進行一般芽菜與安全芽菜生產流程分析、成本分析，並於06月26日舉行安全芽菜生產技術示範觀摩會，經由成本分析及問卷調查顯示，目前安全芽菜售價偏高為反應成本，於各場展覽會場安全芽菜的產品通路詢問度高，顯示消費者對於安全生產的重視性提高。本試驗開發馬鈴薯台農一號種基本種薯與克尼伯種原種薯非農藥防治管理技術，生產之種薯品質與傳統栽培無差異。食用薯生產方面，使用認證健康種薯並以傳統農藥管理產量較佳，單株產量達730 g，但非農藥防治管理可減少化學藥劑使用之風險，提供消費者食用安全。豇豆為台灣夏季重要蔬菜之一，近年受到病毒病及萎凋病影響栽培面積漸漸減少，利用商業品種嫁接耐萎凋病根砧可有效減少萎凋病發生，為了解豇豆耐萎凋病嫁接苗之最適肥培管理模式及土壤有益微生物對其生育之影響，本年度於栽培期使用不同施肥量及施用不同有益微生物並調查豇豆耐萎凋病嫁接苗之產量及品質，試驗發現使用N:P2O5:K2O施用量12:10:10公斤/分地時豇豆耐萎凋病嫁接苗果莢數為594、總產量18.6公斤為最高，且略高於對照組（’三尺青皮’自根苗），使用豇豆耐萎凋病嫁接苗不需增加施肥量即可提升35%-47%之產量，每公頃可增加新臺幣154 |
303-207 |
018元收益；有益微生物部分，枯草桿菌及木黴菌的施用對豇豆耐萎凋病嫁接苗之果莢數、總產量、單果莢鮮重及果莢長度無顯著影響，可能與處理時期較晚及施用化學肥料有關，試驗結果顯示有益微生物的施用對豇豆耐萎凋病嫁接苗生產助益較小。 We compared the cost and market sold prices of sprout production procedures between the traditional and safety methods. The meeting of safety sprout production be held on 26th June this year. Participates showed their high interesting to this program. Even the prices of safety sprout products are not as cheap as traditional products. The safety issues of sprout still are concentrated by customers. In this study |
we developed the non-pesticidal and non-fungicidial management techniques of ‘Tainon No.1’ basic seed potato (G1) and ‘Kennebec’ elite seed potato (G3). Compared non-pesticidal and non-fungicidial management with traditional management |
the quality of seed potato were no significant difference. In table potato production period |
there are more yields to select certified seed by traditional management |
and the yield of single plant is 730g. However |
we can reduce the risk of using chemistry by nonpesticidal and non-fungicidial management |
and provide a food safety choice to customer. Asparagus bean is one of the important summer vegetables in Taiwan. Virus and Fusarium wilt result tin decreasing of cultivation area in recent years. Asparagus bean grafting Fusarium wilt resistant seedlings can efficiently reduce Fusarium wilt occurred.In order to study the suitable fertilizer managements and also the effect of effective micro-organisms on Asparagus bean grafting Fusarium wilt resistant seedlings’ development and yield |
different fertilizer managements and effective micro-organisms were used in the trails.120:100:100 (N:P2O5:K2O) kg/ha had the highest pod number (594) and total yield (18.6 kg). Compare to the CK |
total yield of asparagus bean grafting Fusarium wilt resistant seedlings increased 35%-47%. Effective micro-organisms had no significant effects on pod number |
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2014 設施苦瓜栽培技術之研究 Study on cultivation technology of bitter gourd in protected facility 103農科-14.4.1-種-X1 103AS -14.4.1-SS-X1 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭宏遠 Horng-Yeuan Kuo 本年度進行抗萎凋病絲瓜及南瓜根砧評估、萎凋病拮抗微生篩選、設施內苦瓜物候調查、蜜蜂行為及蜂箱降溫研究。在萎凋病接種試驗方面，經剪根接種法汰選出具有優良抗性的絲瓜品系如96-157XL2 與96-111XR3及南瓜品系4與13，可作為萎凋病抗性根砧的汰選參考。嫁接親和試性驗方面，以絲瓜品系嫁接苦瓜’新社自留種-粗米’，顯示以95-153XL2品系具較好之砧穗親和力。以對峙培養篩選出3株拮抗微生物可抑制萎凋病菌落生長，具應用於萎凋病防治之潛力。設施內栽培之苦瓜，雌花產生節位提早7-8節，與露天栽培的果實生育日數相近，但種子量、果寬及單果重量均較少。蜜蜂在溫室內離返巢之趨勢相同，在一天內有兩次之高峰，分別為上午8點及下午2-3點間，當日開花之苦瓜雌花應在上午時段即由蜜蜂完成授粉。降溫處理III可使整天的蜂箱溫濕度均低於對照組。 Evaluation of resistance of sponge gourd and pumpkin rootstocks to Fusarium wilt |
selection of antagonistic microorganisms to Fusarium wilt |
phenology investigation of bitter gourd |
introduction of honey bees to help pollination of bitter gourd production |
and the effect of environmental factors and flowering performance on bee pollination behavior in the facilities were conducted this year. In the Fusarium wilt inoculation test |
two sponge gourd lines (96-157XL2 and 96-111XR3) |
and 2 pumpkin lines ( 4 and 13) were chosen for better resistance to Fusarium wilt |
which had the potential to be applied as rootstock for controlling Fusarium wilt of bitter gourd. In addition |
sponge gourd line-95-153XL2 showed better grafting compatibility. Three antagonists were selected by dual culture. The bacteria showed activities to suppress mycelia growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. momordicae. They had the potential to be applied for controlling of Fusarium wilt. Bitter gourd grown in the greenhouse produced female flower at lower nodes than that in the open field for 7-8 nodes. However |
with the similar fruit growth period |
the fruits produced in the greenhouse were less seeds |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-基因轉殖及非基因轉殖種苗驗證及共存體系之建構-基因轉殖作物認驗證與檢監測模式之建立 Construction of the certification and coexistence system for GM and non-GM seedlings 102農科-1.1.1-種-X1 102AS -1.1.1-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 沈翰祖 Han-Tsu Shen 基因轉殖作物檢監測體系由農糧署委託種苗改良繁殖場邀集農業試驗所、桃園區農業改良場、台南區農業改良場、花蓮區農業改良場、國立中興大學等單位建立「基因轉殖作物檢監測小組」，藉由「檢測技術建立」、「儀器與檢測精準度試驗」、「檢測樣品檢出能力試驗」、「能力試驗」等，已累計建立基因轉殖木瓜2個、玉米10個、大豆3個以及馬鈴薯1個品項之標準化檢測模式，並通過「財團法人全國認證基金會（Taiwan Accreditation Foundation |
TAF）」之實驗室認證。本年度檢監測小組進行基因轉殖大豆、玉米3次能力試驗；並取得基因轉殖植物審議委員會委任為基因轉殖大豆與玉米之檢測機構。建立實驗室定量檢測量測不確定度分析模組，並以top-down策略完成基因轉殖大豆品項305423與基因轉殖玉米品項NK603之量測不確定度分析；以及使用bottom-up策略評估基因轉殖大豆品項305423之量測不確定度。已完成基因轉殖玉米與傳統農業共存栽培建議書與基因轉殖作物標準化取樣及監測模式，並以田間試驗模擬基因轉殖大豆花粉飄散趨勢，本年度春作試驗並未發生花粉污染之情形。已利用衛星定位(GPS)監測台灣水稻29個、油菜10個、馬鈴薯5個、玉米8個、大豆16個栽培區、野生大豆21個生長區等資料，且以地理資訊系統(Geographic Information System |
GIS)分析是否受到基因轉殖作物污染，並完成「基因轉殖作物混雜度調查資料管理系統」。 The detection and monitoring system of transgenic crops in Taiwan was entrusted by the Agriculture and Food Agency (AFA) |
Council of Agriculture (COA) and the team member is Agricultural Research Institute |
Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station |
Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station |
Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station |
National Chung Hsing University and Seed Improvement and Propagation Station (SIPS). Technique for detection of GM crops consists of four distinct steps |
including detection capability |
proficiency test |
the standard detection and monitoring model. The biological area of detection laboratory at SIPS has been accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025. There are several items to be accredited by TAF |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-生技種苗檢測服務建置與產業推動 Industry extension and establishment ofbiotech seedling detection serviceplant seed/seedling team 102農科-1.1.2-種-X1 102AS -1.1.2-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 鍾文全 Wen-Chuan Chung 利用multiplex PCR技術進行基因轉殖木瓜檢測，得知Multiplex PCR可取代一般PCR進行基因轉殖木瓜檢測，以達到降低檢測成本，並提升檢測能量之目的。評估SYBR Green、Safe view等2種螢光試劑對基因轉殖大豆與玉米檢測效能，結果顯示SYBR Green分出基因轉殖及非基因轉殖大豆和玉米的能力優於Safe view。訪視6家文心蘭組培場，瞭解其設備規模、生產流程及瓶苗出貨標準，並蒐集市售瓶苗進行調查，探討影響瓶苗品質之外部型態指標，包括葉數、根數、株高、根長、鮮乾重，分析810個樣品發現瓶苗間葉片數並無顯著差異，根數及根長則有較高的變異程度，推測可能是子瓶移植操作的影響，株高仍是較為簡便可靠的分級標準，初步結果建議以區分大中兩級為可出貨品質，小等級植株管理模式還需進一步評估。度拜訪16家蝴蝶蘭組培場，與經營者訪談組培設備、生產流程及瓶苗出貨標準。從11家組培場中蒐集12份蝴蝶蘭V3瓶苗，每份有6瓶子瓶，共計72份樣品。這些瓶苗經合格率調查、莖葉及根的數量與重量調查後，分為4個瓶苗品質等級。取樣品進行植體成份分析，其餘植株上盆栽植，並移到專業的蝴蝶蘭中小苗栽培場栽培到中苗。取中苗再進行合格率、莖葉及根數量與重量調查，並分成4個中苗品質等級，並進行中苗植體分析。優良蝴蠂蘭瓶苗為株型端正、葉型與根正常、三葉以上葉片、二條以上有效根、株重3公克以上。葉的氮素含量中等(乾重1.5-4%)，高量的鉀含量(乾重5%以上)、磷含量介於乾重0.4-0.8%之間，鈣含量0.4%以上，鎂的含量在0.15%以上。以逆轉錄聚合酶鏈式反應(revese transcription–PCR |
RT-PCR)檢測蘭園蘭花常見病毒齒舌蘭輪斑病毒(Odontoglossum ringspot virus |
ORSV)與東亞蘭嵌紋病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus |
CymMV)，共檢測1346件瓶苗樣品，檢測結果得知健康種苗比例為92.8%。 Multiplex PCR and PCR was apllied to detect GM papaya seedlings.Multiplex PCR had the same result as general PCR |
resulting in cost reduction and enhancing detection capacity. We visit six Oncidium tissue culture factories |
to understand the company profile |
production processes and plantlets standards in this year. Furthermore |
we gather commercially Oncidium TC plantlets to explore the influence of the external traits of plantlets quality |
including the number of leaves |
root number |
plant height |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-番木瓜種苗七號全兩性株調控基因分析與產業應用 Analysis of regulation genes of allhermaphrodite papaya cv. TSS No.7 and its application on industry 102農科-1.1.2-種-X2 102AS -1.1.2-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 李美娟 Mei-Jiuan Lee 不公開 Not public |
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2013 種子檢查技術研習 Study on seed testing technology 102農科-4.2.1-種-X1 102AS -4.2.1-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 許鐈云 Ciao-Yun Syu 本年度參與ISTA於2013年6月6~9日於土耳其安卡拉(Ankara)舉行，由土耳其國家品種註冊與認證中心(Variety Registration and Certification Center |
VRCC)承辦之種子潔淨度(Purity)及發芽(Germination)研習。研習內容包含種子潔淨度與發芽之原理、定義、統計方式、品保管理及實際操作等，同時並參訪土耳其國家品種登記與認證中心之種子實驗室。於2013年6月11~17日至土耳其安塔利亞(Antalya)參加第30屆種子大會之種子研討會(Seed Symposium)及技術委員會年會(Meeting of Technical Committees)，除更新種子檢查相關資訊外，並聽取涵蓋五大主題之各國種子研究者成果演講發表及近150篇之海報發表。 In 2013 |
one staff of TSS attended the ISTA seed purity and germination workshop and the 30th ISTA congress and seed symposium hold in two cities of Turkey. The workshop hold in Ankara included the definition |
statistics |
quality assurance and practical training of seed purity and germination and visiting the ISTA certificated seed laboratory. After the workshop |
attended the ISTA Seed Congress hold in Antalya included the Seed Symposium and Meeting of Technical Committees to update the information of seed testing and hear the posters and oral presentations included 5 subjects. |
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2013 赴澳大利亞進行檢定技術研習與交流 Study and exchange of DUS test technology with Australia 102農科-4.2.1-種-X2 102AS -4.2.1-SS-X2 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 劉明宗 Ming-Chung Liu 澳大利亞植物品種保護主要是由澳大利亞智慧財產局(IP Australia)下之植物品種保護辦公室辦理。澳大利亞植物品種權架構主要依據1994年所訂定植物育種權利法案，並配合UPOV1991年之國際公約，所有植物種類包括真菌類、藻類、甚至轉基因植物皆在保護範疇內。每年受理案件約300-350件，申請植物品種保護之種類以觀賞植物為主，約佔70%，其次為農藝作物與果樹及蔬菜類。澳大利亞之植物品種保護架構較特別的是利用認證人員(Qualified person：簡稱QP)，藉由這些人員進行品種比較試驗、對照品種之選擇、資料收集、數據分析、品種描述等。為了確保認證人員的品質，由植物品種保護辦公室辦理植物品種保護訓練計劃，對植物品種權檢定等相關能力，進行訓練。經由完成訓練課程給予分數或其他報酬之安排，使他們受到認證，並可委任執行新品種檢定工作。Floral International Pty Ltd 位於雪梨，主要生產水耕玫瑰切花、東方型百合、天堂鳥與蝴蝶蘭為主。也是澳洲目前唯一有申請蘭花品種權之私人公司，此公司與台灣世芥蘭園合作，接續生產蝴蝶蘭植株販售。並代理世芥蘭園申請品種權，共申請四個品種權。Queensland Orchid Biotechnology位於凱恩斯，是由台商於10多年前移民開設，主要經營蘭花生產與零售，蘭花種類以蝴蝶蘭為大宗，其他尚有仙履蘭及稀有原生蘭等。由於昆士蘭省氣候以熱帶為主，台灣優良之熱帶水果品種，若欲往澳大利亞種植與生產，則位於北昆士蘭之凱恩斯是不錯選擇，因當地具飛機場且交通便利且氣候適宜。台灣若要發展與台灣氣候相反季節之農業生產地方，澳大利亞之昆士蘭省是不錯之選擇。 Australian Plant Variety Protection of Australian is mainly handled by the PVP office under the Australia Intellectual Property Office (IP Australia). Australian plant variety rights framework set in 1994 based primarily on plant breeders ' Rights and the International Covenant on UPOV1991 years with all kinds of plants |
including fungi |
algae |
and even transgenic plants are within the scope of protection . Accept cases about 300-350 pieces per year |
for the type of plant variety protection to ornamental plants |
accounting for about 70% |
followed by agronomic crops and fruit trees and vegetables . Australia 's plant variety protection structure is more special is the use of certified person (Qualified person: short QP) |
carried out by these qualified persons Variety Test |
control variety of selection |
data collection |
data analysis |
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2013 青年農民植物種苗類別訓練成效追蹤評核之研究 The effectiveness assessment research of category training in seedling for young farmers 102農科-5.2.2-種-X1 102AS -5.2.2-SS-X1 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 鍾依萍 I-Ping Chung 種苗產業具有技術、資本密集之特性，近年來種苗業者技術層次不一，影響種苗品質、收益與產業發展，辦理種苗技術訓練以提升其技能。本國農民高齡化，需培植年輕人接手投入農業工作，規劃各類種苗業所需之訓練課程，並以參加農民學院植物種苗類別之結訓與在訓學員為對象進行訓練成效考評，建構適合青年從農訓練之模式，以提升從農之經營能力。一、研究方法(一) 結訓學員訓練成效追蹤調查以參與100-101年度農民學院植物種苗類別初階班(含)以上之結訓學員，透過郵寄問卷方式進行1.基本資料、2.訓練績效評估兩部分之調查。目的為瞭解學員經培訓後，目前從農情形及培訓對其生產經營管理能力是否有助益。(二) 在訓學員訓練成效與滿意度調查以參與本(102)年度農民學院植物種苗類別各訓練階段之學員，透過現場發送問卷方式進行1.訓練前測-能力認知調查、2. 訓練後測-能力認知與訓練滿意度調查。目的為瞭解學員經培訓後，各項能力是否有所提升以及其滿意度為何。二、結果與分析(一) 結訓學員訓練成效追蹤調查1. 基本資料108份有效問卷中，男性佔86%；年齡以51~60歲較多佔35%；教育程度以大專(學)院校佔56%；目前有從農者佔90%，從農年資以1~10年最多佔53%；有89%學員持有土地，其土地權屬自有佔76%、租賃佔24%；主要生產作物為其他(景觀苗木、中藥作物、檳榔…等)佔31%、蔬菜佔30%；經營方式主要是獨資佔51%；高達53%有僱工，並以短期僱用為多佔62.5%；有77%尚未通過任何認(驗)證。有關參加農民學院對農產品銷售額是否有增加，48%的學員認為沒有提升，40%認為提昇1-2成；而參加農民學院在農業經營利潤(收入－成本)方面是否增加，49%的學員認為有增加1-2成，42%認為没有增加。2. 訓練績效評估以九大構面進行平均值計算，結果以「農業政策」分數最高為4.06，「人力資源管理」次之為3.99，再者以「研發能力」3.88為第三高，而「社會參與」則為最低分3.44。(二) 在訓學員訓練成效與滿意度調查1. 訓練前、後測之能力認知調查各班別訓練前、後測分數相差最多前三名之項目，發現近9成為「生產管理」構面，相差最少之項目大部分集中在「社會參與」構面。2. 訓練後滿意度調查各班別之訓練後滿意度調查，13個題項各班滿意度平均值皆有4以上。三、結論(一)結訓學員訓練成效追蹤調查青年農民(A)其農場經營方式有35%是家族經營，並有58%是僱用長期工，經營的土地面積有50%是介於0.5-3公頃；與45歲以上農民(B)的經營方式有明顯不同，B是以獨資(62%)、僱用短期工(76%)、土地面積大多為0.5公頃以下(44%)。推論來受訓的青年農民有35%的學員為接手家族企業而投身農業，因家族產業已建置一定規模，故其土地面積較B大，並以長期僱工的方式經營。此外，藉由t test檢驗青年農民(A)與45歲以上農民(B)對於訓練成效之認知，結果發現在「行銷管理」、「財務管理」及「資訊管理」此三構面共5個項目上，A的能力提升認知均顯著低於B(p＜0.05)，推判A對於農場經營較有整體性的重視。(二) 在訓學員訓練成效與滿意度調查本(102)年度進行在訓學員共調查6班別8梯次之訓練班，在能力認知上訓練前與後分數差異較多的題項，近9成落在「生產管理」構面，而差異較少的題項，則多落於「社會參與」構面。並發現實習或參訪時數較多之課程，學員的認知能力提升亦相對較高。各班別各題項滿意度總平均值皆達4以上，表示本年度的參訓學員對本場所開設之訓練課程感到滿意。 The aim of the investigation is to evaluate the trainees who are participating and had completed the plant seeding training courses in the farmer’s academy for establishing appropriate training pattern of young people from rural and improving operational ability of agriculture.Therefore |
we are mainly aimed at the trainees |
who graduated in the years 2011 to 2012 and participated in 2013 |
to be the respondents in this investigation. Furthermore |
questionnaire is the primary method of investigation and it divided into two dispatch ways |
which are by letter and in person |
to the respondents.1. The postal questionnaire is designed for the trainees who had completed the plant seeding training courses from the level of beginners to high-level in the farmer’s academy during the years 2011 to 2012.Moreover |
this survey is to understand the situation of working in rural and the training performance evaluation from the respondents.2. Additionally |
in the first and the last day of the plant seedingtraining courses in the farmer’s academy 2013 |
we also prepared and offered questionnaires to each level of trainees in order to perceive any difference in their cognitive ability during the period of training.Besides |
the respondents reply comments on the questionnaire so as to realize their opinion about this course. There are 35% of young rural trainees devoting to the farming because of inheriting family business. In addition |
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2013 建構亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台 Construction for Asia Pacific Seedlings Industry Services Platform 102農科-7.1.1-種-X1 102AS -7.1.1-SS-X1 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 周明燕 Ming-Yenn Chou 亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台共累積410 |
137筆資料，瀏覽人次204 |
238人次，隨本平台之宣傳行銷，呈現現逐月成長趨勢；功能使用上多集中在最新消息與產業服務兩大單元，顯見目前本平台之知悉度仍低，宜更積極增取平台曝光率。透過技術盤點了解目前國內外相關技術之重點與知識缺口，其分析結果除可供國內相關技術研發考量外，現以「產業分析專欄」與「重要專利情報」兩種形式，供亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台會員市場面之參考。未來預計應用於技術主題之系列教材、社會網絡及文字探勘等平台加值服務。蝴蝶蘭品種性狀影像辨識系統為協助提升植物品種智慧財產權性狀檢定效能之輔助工具，目前已輸入350筆品種影像資料，隨著資料量越多，系統之辨識效能也會隨之提升，對業務效能之協助提升也更具助益。 "Pacific plant seed industry information platform for a cumulative total of 410 |
137 documents |
visits 204 |
238 people. Function uses the latest news and more concentrated in two industrial services unit |
which shows the current platform is still aware of the low |
should take a more active growth platform for exposure.Inventory through technical understanding and knowledge gaps in the current focus on domestic and foreign technology |
in addition to its analysis of the results of research and development of related technologies available for domestic considerations |
the present in two forms |
industry analysis column"" and ""important patent information"" for the Asia-Pacific plant seed industry market information platform serving member of the reference plane. Future technologies are expected to be applied to the theme of the series of textbooks |
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2013 RFID技術應用於種子倉儲管理之研究與開發 Study and development on RFID technology for the seed storage management 102農科-7.3.1-種-X1 102AS -7.3.1-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 許鐈云 Ciao-Yun Syu 種苗產業可包括種子產業及種苗產業，其中種子產業所佔的比值大於種苗產業，且種子的生產銷售亦較鮮果複雜許多。本場擁有9座種子冷藏庫，總計700坪冷藏庫設施，倉儲容量約260萬公斤，長年配合政府政策負責供應全省雜糧、綠肥及蔬菜作物種子，操作從契作生產及外購種子、調製、加工、倉儲、運輸至推廣銷售等一系列種子產銷流程作業。100年度目標針對種子倉儲部分建構「種子倉儲管理系統」部分，並結合無線射頻辨識(RFID)應用，達成種子倉儲流程作業電子化。去(101)年度第二期開發案擬擴大應用層面，於軟體系統方面將第一期開發的系統加以擴充，增加會計(含出納)功能。今(102)年度在種子供銷管理導入二維條碼技術，希冀建立完整二維條碼(QRCode)種子供銷鏈，並擴大系統功能建置，以前兩年系統為基礎，增加銷售管理部分功能。 Taiwan seed improvement and propagation station (TSS) has 9 seedrefrigerated storages and is responsible for the seed production of cereal |
green manure and vegetable. Moreover |
there are a series of seed producing and marketing procedure operation including producing |
purchasing |
processing |
packaging |
storage |
transportation and marketing.In 2011 |
it’s aim to accomplishment of the efficient method of seed storage management by RFID technology in order to maintain the seed of quality |
to decrease the waste of manpower and time and to enhance the check time of the inventory in the seed storage effectively. In 2012 |
it’s important to extend the capability of the system including accounting and cashier. In 2013 |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-番茄抗病與花椰菜自交不親和性分子標誌建立與應用 The establishment and application of specific molecular markers for tomato and cabbage traits 102農科-9.1.1-種-X1 102AS -9.1.1-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 孫永偉 Yung-Wei Sun a.番茄抗萎凋病基因型之分子鑑定：番茄萎凋病為重要真菌性病害，本試驗建立multiplex PCR (含I-2與Fusarium oxysporum)共顯性分子標誌(I2/Fu)，可同時檢定番茄抗萎凋病與病原菌基因。利用此分子標誌可擴增抗萎凋病基因700或852 bp之DNA條帶、擴增感病基因2320 bp之DNA條帶、擴增萎凋病(race2)基因1000 bp之DNA條帶。此分子標誌檢測結果與國內育種者或種子公司已知抗感性品種吻合。b.花椰菜自交不親和性基因型之分子鑑定：利用花椰菜常用之7個育種親本品系為試驗材料，以Brace等人在1994年建立之PCR-酶切試驗分類結果為依據，進行具識別性SCAR引子對的篩選，七個品系各6個單株材料先經PCR-酶切檢驗，各品系每個單株間並無差異性，而各品系的自交不親和基因型分類結果僅SP04與SP06為相同類型。而後進行花椰菜SCAR專一性引子的篩選，經PCR試驗結果後發現，有2組SCAR引子：D4-1*D7-2可鑑別品系SP01、SP04/SP06、SP08;K1-2*K4-4可鑑別品系SP07、SP08、SP09、SP10。c.番茄抗菸草嵌紋病毒分子標誌之建立：菸草嵌紋病毒為菸草鑲嵌病毒屬(Tobamovirus)，為番茄三大病毒之一。本試驗針對抗病基因(Tm-2)與病毒各開發專一性分子標誌(Tm2與TMV)。目前已開發一組共顯性分子標誌，可同時擴增番茄抗嵌紋病毒基因(Tm-2或Tm-2 2) 650 bp之DNA條帶、擴增感病基因(tm-2) 450 bp之DNA條帶。本研究與亞蔬中心合作開發一組分子標誌可檢測臺灣常見3種嵌紋病毒strains (TMV-0、TMV-1、TMV-2)，可擴增3.0 kb之DNA條帶。上述分子標誌可協助育種者早期篩選抗病植株、確認抗病基因型(R/R、R/S、S/S)及病毒感染情形，提高育種效率。 The projects of this program have three components including. The first is the establishment and application molecular markers of the resistance to Fusarium oxysporum in tomato analysis system. Specific markers I2 was developed for differentiating allelic variation at I-2 locus. It amplifies fragments from both resistant and susceptible tomato accessions with different molecular sizes that corresponding to the presence of I-2/I-2 |
I-2/i-2 and i-2/i-2 alleles. This study we also merged primer set I2/Fu as Multiplex-PCR through once PCR |
detecting I-2 |
i-2 andFusarium oxysporum simultaneously. Primer I2/Fu could amplify resistance genes I-20.7 or 0.8 kb |
susceptibility gene i-2 2.2 kb and Fusarium spp. 1.0 kb of DNA bands. The molecular markers could help breeders early screening and confirmation disease resistant plant genotypes |
helping to accelerate the breeding and promotion of disease-resistant tomato lines.Using seven cauliflower lines which are commonly used breeding parental as test material. To do SCAR primers screening based on Brace’s PCRrestriction classification test results that established in 1994. The result of PCR-restriction classification in addition to the line SP04 and SP06 are same self-incompatibility genotype |
the other are different.Then the SCAR makers screening results showed that there are two sets of SCAR primers: D4-1 * D7-2 can identify lines SP01 |
SP04/SP06 |
SP08; K1-2 * K4-4 can identify lines SP07 |
SP08 |
SP09 |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-作物種苗微體繁殖技術之開發與改進 The study of healthy seedling production by tissue culture 102農科-9.1.1-種-X2 102AS -9.1.1-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 陳哲仁 Jen-Ren Chen 本研究目的為探討綠竹(Bambusa oldhami)芽體形成，以1 mg/L BA＋1 mg/L kinetin處理之側芽培植體形成叢生芽體最高約為85.1%，培養3週後已有不定芽形成。而不定芽形成率則以添加1 mg/L BA＋3 mg/L kinetin最高約為96.2%。在不定芽誘導發根試驗結果顯示以1.0-2.0 mg/L NAA或IAA之發根率94.1-95.8% 為最佳，平均根長約有1.8cm。透氣式培養容器在組織培養對植物生長與發育是很重要因子，下一個研究為利用三種不同型式之培養容器器對丹蔘發根之影響，使用在MS基本培養基中培養之叢生芽體，培植體來自側芽，在發根培養基中，使用透氣式塑膠培養瓶提高發根率(98.2%)、葉長(5.2 cm)、根數(2.37)、根長(4.1 cm)及最長的根(5.8cm)。本試驗目的在於了解不同培養基成分對春石斛組織培養之芽體增殖階段和根系誘導階段瓶苗品質之影響。由試驗結果得知，增殖階段組培苗之株高、葉數、葉長、葉寬、芽體增殖數和褐化率皆受到培養基中MS培養基、馬鈴薯粉和蔗糖三種成分濃度以及其交感效應之顯著影響。發根階段則主要受到MS培養基、香蕉粉、馬鈴薯粉和蔗糖濃度四種成分之主效應及含NAA在內五種成分彼此間之交感效應所影響。而經分析，於增殖階段以全量MS培養基加上4g/L馬鈴薯粉和20g/L蔗糖之處理組合最佳，根系誘導階段則以1/2MS培養基加上0.1mg/L NAA、30g/L香蕉粉、4g/L馬鈴薯粉和20g/L蔗糖之處理組合最佳。種苗金皇一號石斛冷水萃取物可以活化小鼠肺巨噬細胞(RHS cells)且促進NO的釋放。 The objectives of the present study were to develop culture method for shoot formation in bamboo (Bambusa oldhami). Treatment of 1 mg/L BA＋1 mg/L kinetin was found best in multiple shoots induction from lateral bud explants |
induction percentage reached 85.1% |
shoots were formed after culture for 3 weeks. The highest percent shoot formation which is 96.2% was found in the treatment of 1 mg/L BA＋3 mg/L kinetin.In addition |
treatment of 1.0-2.0 mg/L NAA or IAA was found best in root formation from shoot |
formation percentage reached 94.1-95.8% |
the average roots Length formed per shoot were 1.8cm。Vented vessel is an important factor effective on plant growth and development in micropropagation. The next present study describes the effects of different vessel (plastic vented vessel |
glass flask sealing with aluminum foil |
and glass flask sealing with Rubber stopper) on some rooting characters of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) using multiple shoots cultured on MS basal medium. Explants were lateral shoots. In rooting media with plastic vented vessel was more effective. Maximum percentage of rooting(98.2%) |
leaf length (5.2 cm) |
root number (2.37) |
root length (4.1 cm) and longest root length (5.8cm) were observed in explants treated with plastic vented vessel.We study the effects of additives in vitro culture on quality of plantlets Dendrobium. The results indicated that using MS medium supplemented with 4 g/L potato powder and 20 g/L sucrose are optimal for shoot proliferation. Rooting medium of the best is using 1/2MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-仙履蘭產業技術開發及應用 Paphiopedilum industry technology development and application 102農科-9.1.1-種-X3 102AS -9.1.1-SS-X3 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 廖玉珠 Yu-Ju Liao 不公開 Not public |
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2013 建立飼料玉米種子籌供體系 Establishment of hybrid corn production and supplying system 102農科-9.2.1-種-X1 102AS -9.2.1-SS-X1 農場 Research Farm 陳學文 Hsueh-Wen Chen 計畫於台中市新社區及屏東縣麟洛鄉兩地，以台農1號及台南24號玉米兩品種，以不同去雄方式對玉米採種之影響，用採種田春、秋兩季之栽植方式，探討其對玉米穗結實及產量之影響，以作未來量產模式之參考。尋找參試品種新採種栽培及調整採種適期以適應氣候變遷，建立量產模式，穩定生產種子，以配合政府政策，生產所需種子。搜集國際商用飼料玉米品種，評估各品種於台灣之適應性，建立適宜台灣種植之國際飼料玉米品種資料庫，期能提供農民多樣選擇並穩定飼料玉米種子供應。調查雜交玉米F1種穗及種子於乾燥過程中水分含量變化與大氣環境和耗油量之關係對調製作業之影響，掌握調製作業時程，建立雜交玉米種穗在不同乾燥環境之調製作業模式，因應環境氣候變化，適時調整乾燥作業模式，提高調製作業效率，達到節省能源目標。 We conducted different planting dates for Taichung area for spring and autumn corp. Influence by different detasseling methods on seed production of corn.Investigation of adaptability to environment and growth characteristics and yield |
as reference for future production models. Introduction of international commercial corn varieties will be evaluated the adaptability and appropriate corn variety databases in order to provide diverse selection and stability in feed corn seed supply. Investigation of hybrid corn F1 seed and moisture content during the seeds in a dry atmosphere environment and the relationship between fuel consumption and the changes to modulation effect of job and control different drying operation mode of environment and climate . We hope that can improve efficiency to save the energy. |
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2013 果樹研究團隊-優質番木瓜品種選育、採種及栽培技術改進 Good quality varieties selection and improvement the technology ofcultivation and seed production on papaya 102農科-9.2.2-種-X1 102AS -9.2.2-SS-X1 屏東種苗中心 Pingtung Seed & Seeding Research Center 邱展台 Chan-Tai Chiu 本年度擬進行優良耐儲運品系f6選拔，進行雜交，供選拔優良組合進行後續品系比較試驗。另種植果皮光滑，生理性斑點少之品系與全兩性株品系之雜交第三代，供下年度分離選拔具全兩特果皮光滑品系。以優良純系利用秋水仙素誘導產生四倍體品系，再與2倍體雜交產生3倍體雜教交一代品系，供後續觀察，藉以育成雜交一代無子籽的番木瓜品種。耐儲運品系選育，以引進自東南亞的品系與本場育成之品系為雜交，經6代選拔之選拔純化，共選出14個品系，14個品系均為紅色果肉，果重412-758公克，果長13-18.8公分，多為西洋梨形之中小型果，果實總可溶性物11.9-14 % Brix ，以102-I-31、102-I-44、102-I-51等3品系之果肉硬度較高，102-I-18、102-I-28、102-I-36品系之果肉較軟。果皮光滑品系選育系以Golden為親本，其雜交一代的果皮生理性斑點仍相當多，經第3代分離，共選出12株果皮較光滑的特性。著果數47-141粒果重302-951公克，總可溶性固形物10.9-14.5 % % rix，果實品質優良。4倍體的植株，無法產生花粉，雜交只收穫1果實，但無種子，經自交授粉亦只收穫1果，獲得少許種子，這些種子已完成播種，在檢查染色體數目後，再行定植。 The objectives of this study are planting good resistance to storage and transportation lines |
hybrids |
for selecting good combinations for subsequent .comparison test. Plant Peel smooth |
physiological spotted little of all hermaphrodite strain providing isolation and selection for next year. Tetraploid plants were induced by colchicines |
then crossed with diploid plant to produce hybrid triploid plants. Charactersof F1 hybrid variety triploid plants will be observed.Breeding program of resistance to storage and transportation was conducted with introduce strains from Southeast Asia. Through 6 generations |
segregation and purification |
14 lines were obtained. All 14 strains are red pulp |
medium sized fruit of the pear-shaped |
high sweetness. Four lines’s fruit have higher firmness and the flesh softens speed slower than the sunrise and the Tainoun No2. Peel smooth breeding utilize Golden for the parents |
after separation of the 3nd generation |
were elected the 12 line of Peel smooth characteristic |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-果菜類作物品種改良及採種技術改進 Study on improvement of fruit vegetable varieties and seed production technology 102農科-9.2.2-種-X2 102AS -9.2.2-SS-X2 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭宏遠 Horng-Yeuan Kuo 本計畫之目的在育出高產量、高品質、耐熱和抗病之胡瓜、南瓜、苦瓜、番椒及茄子之新品種，並進行具番茄花粉保存及克服彩色甜椒高溫採種問題之研究。胡瓜育種目標為鮮食品質佳，高雌性及單為結果性穩定，主要病害露菌病、白粉病、病毒病等抗性基因導入等，育成適合設施栽培之F1品種。本年度進行高雌性雜交後裔F2~F3世代選育，並完成20個東南亞品系供選育自交之材料。另育成13個雜交組合進行品系比較試驗，經果品評估選拔出6個具高雌性及單為結果性之雜交新品系，將於下年度繼續評估。苦瓜為全球重要的葫蘆科蔬菜，在臺灣亦為常見的夏季果菜，主要產區為臺灣中南部地區，本場因地處苦瓜重要產區，為改善苦瓜果實品質與產量，增進農民收益積極進行苦瓜品種改良與栽培技術改進。本場於今年度完成130個苦瓜品系的性狀調查與自交純化，並參考苦瓜品系純化過程的生育特性與果實表現進行評估選拔。針對國內消費市場偏好以選出較優的自交系進行試交， 取得3 0 個試交組(101H01~101H30，其中包含100年評估之優良組合)，於本年度定植評估，其中以101H05、101H06、101H16表現最佳。進行引種收集到4個南瓜商業品種，完成試種栽培性狀調查及自交留種。101冬－102早春栽培西洋南瓜201個自交系、102年春作栽培西洋、美國及中國南瓜157個自交系，秋作栽培121個西洋南瓜等F2-F8世代之品種及單果種子品系，進行性狀調查及自交純化。經評估選出西洋南瓜性狀較佳的56個品系繼續篩選後裔，增進世代。春作並選擇優良自交系進行試交組合24個品系，以及繁殖3個已評估為優良試交品系之種子。秋作栽培品系陸續進行栽培比較與性狀評估，選優留種於下一季種植增進世代。茄子育種目標以提高茄子產量和品質為主，期望選出豐產、抗病蟲、果型長直、品質優良且耐熱性強之品種。本年度將茄子12個自交系，其果實性狀為平均果長27～35公分，果徑25～38mm，果肉白色及淡綠色，果型介於中短胖至中長型，因品系尚未純化完全，持續進行單株選拔，挑選具優良性狀之品系純化。同時蒐集10個茄子新品種進行雜交後裔選拔，進行品種特性調查及雜交後裔選拔。本年度番椒春作進行15個品系、秋作進行48個品系之純化與性狀調查、選拔、留種。春作完成進行11個低辣辣椒新雜交組合進行比較試驗，篩選出102hp5、102hp6、102hp8、102hp12及102hp13等5個組合較佳，秋作完成新雜交組合及其親本種子之量產。彩色甜椒品系11077022-2、11077022-2×sp21及11077022-2×7510於採種期遇升溫時，以10 ppm GA3噴施父母本植株兩次後進行母本或雜交種子生產，提升優良種子數達16.5%以上。番茄雜交組合‘100ht23’父本於25/20℃下，以開花當日之花粉活力最佳，採種品質亦佳，而在較不適合之開花期溫度下，以液態氮保存後之花粉，其發芽率及授粉後之種子量與品質，均有優於新鮮花粉之趨勢。 The main purpose of this project is to breed for promising varieties with desirable characteristic |
such as high yield |
superior quality |
heat tolerance and diseases resistance |
and to do the seed production tests for the potential new hybrids of cucumber |
pumpkin |
bitter gourd |
pepper and eggplant.The object of this breeding plan is to improve quality of cucumber. We will breed good quality F1 hybrid variety suit for cultivation in subtropical area. The method of breeding is to introduce gynoecious gene into monoecious cultivars and select plants resistant to downy mildew，powdery mildew and virus diseases. We evaluated and selected 13 lines for test crosses for breeding in the spring and combination ability. And through the mouth-feel evaluation |
we selected 6 lines for test crosses for breeding in the fall and combination ability in next year. This year， we also bred 20 inbred lines and investigated 29 lines of Southeast Asia at the same time， asthe basisoftheimproved varieties.Bitter gourd are important vegetables in Taiwan. Taiwan Seed Improvement and Propagation Station （TSIPS） has bitter gourd inbred lines with good quality and high yield. For the collection and evaluation of germplasms |
130 lines accession of them were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of Bitter gourd. It showed significant difference among the gerplasms which revealed that the breeding program could be performed. We planted 30 test crosses in the farm this year. We compared those test crosses which are three lines(101H05、101H06、101H16) better than other lines.The collected 4 squash local and commercial varieties |
cultivated and characters complete surveyed and produce inbred Seeds. Winter of 2012 to early spring 2013 cultivation pumpkin 201 inbred lines |
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2013 仙履蘭及熱帶球根花卉品種改良與種苗生產技術開發 Improvement on slipper orchid and tropic bulb flowers breeding and establishment the seedling production 102農科-9.2.2-種-X3 102AS -9.2.2-SS-X3 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 劉明宗 Ming-Chung Liu 依照仙履蘭育種四大目標進行雜交授粉工作，102年進行仙履蘭雜交授粉11組合，出瓶約300株瓶苗移苗栽培工作，目前後裔植株栽培生育中。從雜交組合中以PA94002雜交組合後裔之不同單株具有Paph. primulinum品種多花特性，亦有單花的後裔出現，且花朵會同時開放或者接續開放，因此可再從這些後裔中，篩選單花或雙花特性之後裔單株，PA95016雜交後裔組合，花期約3-4月間開花，花朵顏色為粉紅色，單梗雙花、上萼辦呈橢圓形、翼辦長舌渾圓、整體花型優美，易於栽培，可做為組合盆之用。球根花卉品種選育方面，已篩選具潛力孤挺花單株2株，皆為重瓣具雙梗，未來用途為盆花及切花；孤挺花香味育種方面，在未發育完成之胚珠已成功利用胚挽救技術，獲得50株雜交後裔單株，未來將持續觀察後續生育情形。在彩色海芋方面，94及95年雜交後裔中已篩選具潛力彩色海芋單株3株，為金黃色、紫色及紫黑色。花朵數2-3朵，其中紫色單株花莖較短，可為盆花，其餘為切花。在宮燈百合無性繁殖與實生苗種球養球初步試驗結果，利用自然子球與種子播種而得之實生種球進行比較試驗，結果在三種重量分級中，均以自然子球較實生苗種球重量較重，但均能成功養球。金花石蒜利用無菌播種或胚培養皆可使萌芽率達100%，利用一般播種方式萌芽率僅達65.2%，且栽培一年後，地上部之葉片數則以無菌播種移出種植所生長之葉片數較多達2.01片，一般播種僅1.02片葉。以此推估可縮短養成開花球之年限。 According to four goals in slipper orchids breeding |
we have selected superior progenies ‘PA94002’ and ’PA95016’ with multifloral |
good flower shape and color characteristics. Bulbous flowers in calla lilies breeding |
we have selected 3 potential progenies with good horticultural characteristics. They can be used as cut flower or pot flower. In amaryllis |
we have selected 2 potential hybrid progenies of doubleflower.Sandersonia tubers from seedling or natural daughter-tuber were planted in mix soilless material under protec ted net greenhouse |
which were tested for growing flower tubers. The result is flowering tuber is better which were from natural daughter-tuber. The germination rate of spider lily (Lycoris aurea Herb.) is 100% from aseptic and embryo tissueculture but the germination rate is 65.2% from common sowing. Using embryo tissue culture seedlings will be considerable to shorten flowering tubers grown. |
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2013 花卉研究團隊-春石斛開花株生理指標及花期調節管理體系之建立 Set up nobile-type dendrobium mature index and flowering regulation systerm 102農科-9.2.2-種-X4 102AS -9.2.2-SS-X4 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭孄婷 Lan-Ting Kuo 春石斛為國內具經濟栽培及種苗外銷潛力的新興蘭科作物，本試驗擬利用量化之壯苗指數及營養元素測定進行春石斛蘭成熟株生理指標建立，以三個品種根據尾葉及株高區分四組，調查結果顯示，株高、莖節數、葉數、地上部鮮/乾重、壯苗指數與成熟度無明顯關聯，但是地上部含水量在成熟株有增加趨勢，碳/氮含量因氮含量受許多因素影響，不利作為成熟度指標。生長調節劑處理方面，經處理之植株，目前尚未觀察到開花的情形。施用BA有促進葉數增加、腋芽數增加的效果，噴施GA後，有株高增加、腋芽增加及葉片黃化落葉的情形，以品種128最為顯著，若添加BA200ppm，則落葉情形較輕微，有抵消GA效應的作用。本試驗另參試一生長調節劑TDZ |
初步試驗結果顯示，經葉面噴施後，可產生大量的花苞，然而，花苞無法正常開放，濃度越高者，消蕾的情況越嚴重。 Noblie-type Dendrobium is one of the important orchids cultivated in Taiwan. In this project |
we will measure the seedling index and nutrient elements of dendrobium seedlings. Three dendrobium cultivars divided into four groups according to maturation stage and plant height. The results indicated that plant height |
node number |
leaf number |
shoot fresh/dry weight |
seedling index and maturity were no obvious correlated |
but water content was increasing in the mature plants. Nitrogen content was affected by species |
organs |
and cultivated conditions |
hence the carbon/nitrogen ration would not appropriate maturation index. As to PGR treatments |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-植物品種檢定流程分析、人員訓練及分子標誌開發 plant seed/seedling team – Analyzing the examining process flow |
training faculty members and developing molecular marker of plant variety right 102農科-9.2.3-種-X1 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張惠如 Hui-Ju Chang (a) 重要蘭科花卉品種分子標誌技術開發：本年度透過委辦計畫與成功大學生物科學系吳副教授文鑾， 針對蝴蝶蘭（Phalaenopsis spp.）商業品種SSR分子標誌鑑定系統，共同建立一套包含十組SSR分子標誌之試驗方法，並制定標準試驗流程，也選定Dtps. Leopard Prince ‘世芥鑽石F-1138’與P. Zuma’s Pixie ‘台大小可愛’兩個蝴蝶蘭商業品種作為標準試驗流程之參考品種。依據已制定之標準試驗流程，鑑定100個已於台灣取得植物品種權蝴蝶蘭商業品種之基因型並以商業軟體建立DNA資料庫，十組SSR分子標誌可完全鑑別100個蝴蝶蘭商業品種，其PIC (polymorphism information content)值介於0.716 (PHS03)與0.893 (PHS07)之間，平均約0.84。並進行多方實驗室之能力試測試與12個蝴蝶蘭商業品種的盲樣試驗，確認所建立標準試驗流程之結果可再現性與穩定性，顯示此套蝴蝶蘭SSR分子標誌品種鑑定系統可有效率協助鑑別蝴蝶蘭品種與國際間相關技術之應用交流。(b) 檢定人員訓練及植物品種權教育推廣：作物新品種檢定講習會於102年10月30日已辦理訓練講習，上課學員約計60人，本次課程內容有植物品種權申請與審查規範介紹、蘭花、蔬菜及糧食作物性狀開發介紹，另外並加入了蝴蝶蘭及黛粉葉檢定技術實習課程，讓上課的學員實際參與檢定技術的操作，實習課程充實，學員熱烈參與。 (a) To develop the molecular marker technology of important orchidflower varieties:To cooperate with Dr. Wu from NCKU through the commissioned project to establish the standard operation procedure (SOP) of Phalaenopsis variety identification comprising ten SSR markers and two Phalaenopsis varieties |
Dtps. Leopard Prince ‘Sogo F-1138’ and P. Zuma’s Pixie ‘Taida Little Cutie’ |
were selected as reference varieties of this identification system. The genotypes of 100 Phalaenopsis varieties granted PBR in Taiwan were analyzed based on the established SOP and all these 100 PBR varieties could be discriminated by the ten SSR markers. The PIC (polymorphism information content) values of the SSR markers ranged from 0.716 (PHS03) to 0.893 (PHS07) |
in average of 0.84. The multi-test and blind tests on 12 Phalaenopsis varieties were also conducted to confirm the data reproducibility and stability of this Phalaenopsis variety identification system. These results revealed that the Phalaenopsis variety identification system based on SSR markers can effectively discriminate Phalaenopsis varieties and accelerate the cooperation of using this applicable technique with other international organizations.(b)Personnel training and promotion of plant variety rights education:New crop varieties DUS testing workshop has been held on 30 October 2013.There are about 60 students in this training class. The curriculum included that application of plant variety rights |
standard of application form and developed DUS testing of orchids |
vegetables and grain crops. In addition |
the operation trait program of Phalaenopsis and Dieffenbachia’s DUS testing technology which will let participators to know the relative technologies of DUS testing and system of plant variety protection. The outcomes of this program will provide helpfully information of plant variety protection and enhance credibility of molecular testing system. |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-植物品種開發及種苗驗證之應用研究-植物種苗認驗證體系建構 Construct the Accreditation system for plant seedlings 102農科-9.2.3-種-X2 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X2 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 孫永偉 Yung-Wei Sun 1.健康種苗之母本檢測與母本園建構及維護：健康種苗之母本檢測與母本園建構及維護為健康種苗繁殖的基礎，本計畫為落實開發的檢測技術與母本園維護，計畫檢測蒐集保存馬鈴薯、葡萄、草莓以及綠竹等作物母本植株，結果顯示葡萄、草莓以及綠竹皆未特定病原，但馬鈴薯有少數蒐集品種感染單一病毒，且未驗證種薯其帶病風險高，藉由持續的母本園維護、母本檢測及更新，期能支持健康種苗產業化之推動。2.瓜類退綠黃化病毒及草莓潛隱輪斑病毒驗證體系建構：參酌國內外文獻，已完成瓜類退綠黃化病毒（Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus |
CCYV）與草莓潛隱輪斑病毒（Strawberry latent ringspot virus |
SLRSV）之檢測技術盤點。瓜類退綠黃化病毒目前檢測技術主要有： RT-PCR、Western blotting、ELISA及Immunoelectron microscopy；草莓潛隱輪斑病毒目前檢測技術主要有：RT-PCR、IC-RT-PCR、ELISA與病徵判別。以不同的樣品進行各種檢測方法的方法測試，測試結果瓜類退綠黃化病毒以RT-PCR檢測效果較佳；草莓潛隱輪斑病毒則以ELISA檢測效果較佳，挑選最適合的檢測方法建立標準檢測流程，並通過能力試驗。3.十字花科種子健康檢查驗證體系之建立：本計畫目的係為建立種子檢查室之十字花科種子黑腐病菌檢測作業流程。已依國際種子檢查協會規定之檢測方式建立檢測流程。以人工汙染種子進行檢測流程的測試，可於FS及mCS20ABN兩種選擇性培養基上觀察到測試菌落的標準型態，且靈敏度測試結果可達0.01%的帶菌率。經測試7批不同公司生產的十字花科種子樣品，均未測得Xcc。品質管理所需之表單亦已建置完成。4.種子(苗)品質純度分子檢測技術研發及標準化：番椒利用F2族群及ISSR之DNA片段多型性，建立F1種子純度分子檢測識別標誌，以充實番椒雜交一代種子純度分子檢測之分子標誌資料庫。結果番椒13個多型性ISSRDNA片段成功回收12個，經定序、解序共獲得8個序列，重新設計條帶專一性引子，其中引子組合11組經最適PCR反應捻合温度及配方調整，均具條帶專一性。但以建立之番椒F2材料測試結果均未表現多型性，因此其識別性尚待進一步確認。番茄3個品種9個植體材料(雜交一代及父、母本親)，利用ISSR-PCR技術篩選共獲得5個新的識別標誌，其中3組引子表現條帶專一性。經最適PCR反應捻合温度及配方調整，標誌大小分別為385、463及626 bp，電泳圖呈現引子高度的條帶的專一性及識別性。 Virus and pathogen detection and establishment of mother-stock garden is the fundamental of healthy seedling production. In this program |
we will implement the developing pathogen validation system and construction mother-stock garden to maintain specific pathogen free mother-stock such as potato |
grapes |
strawberry and bamboo etc. Our results indicated grapes |
strawberry and bamboo kept in mother-stock garden were not infected by specific pathogens. Potato stocks were infected by potato virus S or potato virus Y and using none certification potato seed tube would face higher infection risk. We hope this effort could support healthy seedling production in Taiwan.To refer to the scientific or technical literature |
we completed the detection technology inventory of Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus |
CCYV and Strawberry latent ringspot virus |
SLRSV. The main detection technologies of CCYV are RT-PCR |
Western blotting |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-種子品質及處理技術研發 Developement for the seed processing techniques to promoting seed quality 102農科-9.2.3-種-X3 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X3 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 黃玉梅 Yu-Mei Huang 不公開 0 |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-植物新品種檢定技術之開發與執行 Plant Seed Group-The Technical Development and DUS Test Execution of Plant Variety 102農科-9.2.3-種-X4 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X4 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 安志豪 Chih-Hao An 本年度已完成訂定藍眼菊與瓢唇蘭亞族並修訂蝴蝶蘭與茼蒿品種性狀表與試驗檢定方法及草擬合果芋品種性狀表初稿，透過增修訂品種性狀表及試驗檢定方法，擴增國內植物品種權受保護之植物種類。關於蝴蝶蘭、文心蘭及番茄等作物資料庫建立方面，已收集15個蝴蝶蘭、5個文心蘭及番茄商業品種並完成品種性狀調查及資料庫建置，透過資料庫建置，以利未來對照品種之資料比對搜尋。本年度受理新品種性狀檢定工作計蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭99件、文心蘭6件及玫瑰6件；正進行性狀檢定中之案件為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭21件、文心蘭8件及玫瑰8件；檢定完成資料整理中為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭12件；檢定完成且審查結束為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭47件及玫瑰2件，透過植物品種權制度，確保植物育種者權利及品種保護之效力，同時也提升農業產值之提升。 The purpose of this project is to establish the test guidelines and execute DUS tests. We modified the test guideline and table of characteristics of osteospermum |
araceae |
catasetinae and chrysanthemum.For Cooperation of phalaenopsis plant variety protection technology between Taiwan and European |
we revise the test guideline and table of characteristics of phalaenopsis. We also collected 15 commercial varieties of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
and 10 commercial varieties of oncidium and rose |
and investigated their characteristics for establishing variety database. We accepted 99 cases of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
6 cases of oncidium |
6 case of rose to execute DUS tests for protecting the breeder’s rights this year. 21 cases of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
8 cases of oncidium |
8 cases of rose have been executing DUS tests. 47 phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis and 2 roses have been granted to be new varieties |
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2013 植物種苗量產體系建立 Establishment of mass production system of plant seedlings 102農科-9.2.3-種-X5 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X5 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 王至正 Jhih-Jheng Wang 不公開 Not public |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-亞太地區植物種苗產業研究與應用 Plant nursery research group-Studying and application on plant seed industry in Asia-Pacicic region 102農科-9.2.3-種-X6 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X6 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 周明燕 Ming-Yenn Chou 不公開 Not public |
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2013 作物遺傳種原收集、保存與利用 Preservation |
collection and application of germplasm 102農科-9.2.3-種-X7 102AS -9.2.3-SS-X7 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 薛佑光 Yu-Kuang Hsueh 1.蔬菜種原收集、保存及利用更新蔬菜種原庫完成63個品種之栽培、調查及種子繁殖採收，調製包裝貯藏於種原庫。其中包括新收集的30 個萵苣品種種原繁殖，並進行萵苣之硝酸鹽累積之檢測，結果顯示品種間對硝酸鹽的累積具顯著差異，比對歐盟的規定(種植在遮蓋下)，僅024、026、027及038合乎規定，大部份都超過容許範圍，推測應與田間肥力有關。2.臺農種苗2號梨母本園管理與保存梨臺農種苗二號 (蜜雪梨)種原於101年12月底進行樹幹深剪枝，建立優良樹型。陸續進行灑施有機質肥料，病蟲害防治，主要防治項目為介殼蟲、赤星病、黑星病、梨綠蚜、黑斑病與白粉病。為使樹體健壯，於3月20日再施放43號肥料，每株20公斤。4月底陸續開始疏果作業、套袋作業開始， 7月16日起開始進行採收作業。蜜雪梨收穫量為2314.5公斤，果品糖度平均為10.12Brix，較歷年來偏低，推測原因為今年前半年數個颱風、豪雨及採收前颱風及豪大雨所致造成蜜雪梨果品糖度及品質不如歷年來的好。3.本土綠化種苗種原收集及保存102年已收集本省原生綠化苗木，計台灣樹蘭、台灣山桂花、黃皮、白水木、鐵色、長葉紫珠、霧社櫻、楊梅、杜英、五掌楠、朱砂根、台東火刺木、穗花棋盤腳、椬梧、蘭嶼羅漢松、台灣油杉、珊瑚樹、台灣扁柏、石斑木及淡綠葉衛矛等20種。除了朱砂根因發育緩慢及鐵色生育不佳重新扦插處理(目前還在24格穴盤中持續生育)，其餘18種原生綠化苗木都已移植入6吋盆中。此20種原生綠化苗木為楝科、芸香科、楊梅科、樟科、紫草科、大戟科、馬鞭草科、杜英科、玉蕊科、胡頹子科、羅漢松科、松科、忍冬科、柏木科、衛矛科、2種紫金牛科及3種薔薇科。4.綠美化苗木種原保存蒐集－－殼斗科全年收集13種殼斗科種原，分別為青剛櫟、小西氏石櫟、槲樹、短柄枹櫟、後大埔石櫟、鬼櫟、阿里山三斗石櫟、大葉石櫟、捲斗櫟、高山櫟、狹葉櫟、太魯閣櫟、栓皮櫟。植株生育健壯後，再調查生長狀況及性狀等以待種原保存用。以青剛櫟為試驗材料，利用兩種栽培介質及四種育苗容器作為處理，調查每階段青剛櫟種苗之生育情形，總體表現看來兩種育苗介質處理(有機介質、田土與有機介質混合比例1:1)之間無明顯差異，育苗容器處理上，目前以6吋硬塑膠盆、6吋黑寬軟盆植株表現較好，將繼續觀察各處理苗株生育表現，期能選出最適景觀綠化容器苗管理模式。5.台灣香藥草植物資源開發利用台灣本土多樣性資源豊富，利用既有的農業科技基礎，保存植物種原，經濟栽培台灣野生植物及開發利用植物種子種苗有利於生態保育。本計畫建立及保存香藥草資源650種並進行9種香藥草植物抗氧化分析，以月季及大風草之抗氧化能力最佳。 1. Renewed vegetable germplasm for 63 varieties of cultivated |
investigation |
harvesting |
packaging and stored seed. Including 30 new lettuce varieties collected and nitrate accumulation for testing |
the results showed that nitrate accumulation between varieties with significant differences |
compared to the EU regulations (grown under cover) |
only 024 |
026 |
027 and 038 compliance |
most of them are over the allowable range |
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2013 有機團隊-蔬菜有機種衣劑及種子有機處理基準之研究 Establishment of vegetables organic coating material and organic processing benchmark in seedling 102農科-9.2.4-種-X1 102AS -9.2.4-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 洪建民 Chien-Min Hung 不公開 Not public |
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2013 有機團隊-番木瓜有機栽培及有機雜交種子生產研究 Study on organic cultivation and organic papaya seed production 102農科-9.2.4-種-X2 102AS -9.2.4-SS-X2 屏東種苗中心 Pingtung Seed & Seeding Research Center 邱展台 Chan-Tai Chiu 本試驗擬於春夏季定植木瓜，以植株幼年期度過雨季避開疫病危害，並於冬春季果實炭疽病發生率較低時開始成熟採收。另以礦物油及煙草抽出液防治螨類及秀粉介殼蟲危害，並調查以有機肥料取代化學肥料的效果。試驗結果顯示煙草抽出液無法抑制螨類，窄域油於螨類發生初期可抑制滿類族群，使用2-3次後，即失去效果，只能作玉預防性噴灑。雨季木瓜成熟果實病害發生嚴重，窄域油無法克服只能以避病方式克服。 Papaya were planted on spring and summer respectinely |
childhood spent the rainy season to plant to avoid disease hazards |
and to begin to mature at lower incidence of anthracnose of fruits in winter and spring harvest. Extraction of mineral oil and tobacco extraction control of mites and scale insects |
results of the investigation to be replaced by organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Test results exhibited that tobacco extract could not inhibit mites; narrow range oil can inhibit the full class in the early colony |
after 2-3times |
which no longer works |
but jade preventive spraying. Rainy season mature fruit papaya disease seriously |
narrow range oil failed to overcome the disease |
can only be overcome by avoid disease. |
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2013 作物種苗病害防治技術之開發與應用 Development and Application of Crop Seedling Diseases Controlling Technologies 102農科-10.2.5-種-X1 102AS -10.2.5-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 袁雅芬 Ya-fen Yuan 本年度已取得27個南瓜品系共324個樣本進行白粉病原菌接種試驗；同時自不同地點收集白粉病原菌進行繁殖與保存；並建立南瓜對白粉病抗性之病害等級；本年度接種的品系皆為較感白粉病特性之品種。經16S rDNA 序列分析結果，鑑定101年度篩選出編號14-12與15-25的拮抗微生物均為巨大芽孢桿菌(Bacillus megaterium)；測試11種培養基組合均未能使編號14-12與15-25拮抗微生物的細胞濃度達109/ml，但是由試驗結果可知添加適當鈣鹽有助於細胞生長。無性繁殖體在進行組織培養大量繁殖前，進行標的病害的檢測可確保繁殖體的健康，為生產健康種苗之基石。組織培養的標的病害包括病毒病、類病毒病以及菌質體病害，多以enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)、PCR(reverse transcription-PCR |
RT-PCR)，作為檢測植物病毒病之技術，其中ELISA仍是主要檢測植物病毒病之技術，血清為此技術之重要成本，因此本計畫擬以大腸桿菌表現轉殖之重組蛋白，作為生產標的病毒之蛋白來源，生產重要作物之檢測血清，本計畫於完成產馬鈴薯病毒PVS、PVX、PVY之抗血清之生產各80ml，力價稀釋可達8000-16 |
000倍。 Twenty-seven different pumpkin hybrid lines were screened to the powdery mildew -resistance which inoculum pathogen species. According the inoculum results showed that the virulence were different by the host hybrid lines. The hybrid lines were almost easy to infect by the powdery mildew in these year. We construct a grade of the powdery mildew –resistance in pumpkin.By 16S rDNA sequences analysis |
antagonists No. 14-12 and 15-25 which were selected in 2012 were identified as Bacillus megaterium. We have tested 11 media formulas |
yet non of them had the effect to make the cell concentration of antagonists No. 14-12 and 15-25 up to 109/ml. However |
according to the results |
it was found that adding suitable calcium salt could promote cell growth.Before enter a large number of plant tissue culture propagation |
to detect the plant target disease can ensure a healthy production procedure. The specific pathogen free tissue culture units also are the cornerstone for the production of healthy seedlings. Tissue culture is the subject diseases including viral diseases |
viral diseases and class mycoplasma disease. And techniques for detect these pathogen are enzymelinked immuno-sorbent assay |
ELISA and Reverse transcription-PCR |
RT-PCR.The cost of serum is the highest value of ELISA. This project is intended to express recombinant proteins in transgenic E. coli |
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2013 植物種苗研究團隊-種子(苗)有害生物診斷鑑定技術、檢驗技術驗證及防治技術之研究與應用 Establishment and Research of Seed and Seedling Certification Techniques and Regulations 102農科-10.2.5-種-X2 102AS -10.2.5-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 邱燕欣 Yen-Hsin Chiu 不公開 Not public |
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2013 耐溼冷馬鈴薯品種選育 Wet and cold resistant breeding for potato 102農科-14.1.2-種-X1 102AS -14.1.2-SS-X1 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 張勝智 Sheng-Chih Chang 因近年來全球氣候異常，造成溫度及雨量變化劇烈。台灣冬季為馬鈴薯栽培期，因異常的低溫高濕氣候，導致植株容易腐敗及病害發生嚴重進而減產，嚴重影響農民收益並造成生產成本增加。因此，本場利用所選育具優良生育特性之48個營養系，配合本地冬季低溫環境，進行低溫高濕的汰選評估，經100/101年期的汰選，於101/102年期進行11個具耐濕與高產生育特性的營養系(628、474、470、91A179、320、183、578、91N80、317、T75、462)與對照品種克尼伯進行耐濕冷特性、加工儲藏評估及晚疫病接種評估，完成選出5個分別(營養系470、628、91N80、320、462)具耐濕冷、生長勢強、高產、高耐病性(耐晚疫病)等特性之營養系。期許能協助農民或種苗業者克服因不良環境造成的減產問題以及農藥大量施用，所造成食品安全的問題。此外，亦可選育不同品種作為調適氣候變遷的影響，維持國內馬鈴薯生產的穩定。 The global climate change intensive recently. In Taiwan |
intensive |
heavy rains frequently during the winter |
resulting soil wet and sticky |
and thus bring down the quality of potato and decrease the yield. So the wet tolerance variety of potato is a greater demand. Screening out the wet tolerance strain of potato for producer |
to enhance the competitiveness of potato industry in the future.In this project |
we will select 11 clones (628、474、470、91A179、320、183、578、91N80、317、T75、462) with Kennebec (CK) in winter for field cultivation |
to assess wet stress resistance and disease susceptibility .We investigate the potato characteristics |
quality |
yield and potato storage of survey. We select 5 clones (470、628、91N80、320、462) which have good characters. We hopethat we can assist farmers and seed industries overcoming the reduction of output and problem of food safety. In addition |
we select different varieties to be adapt the weather and maintain the potato production in Taiwan. |
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2013 設施內茄科蔬菜利用蜜蜂授粉生產之研究 Study on honeybee pollination for Solanaceae vegetable production in the greenhouse 102農科-14.1.2-種-X2 102AS -14.1.2-SS-X2 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭宏遠 Horng-Yeuan Kuo 利用蜜蜂於網室內高溫期進行彩色甜椒果實生產時，於植株第一朵開花前一星期將蜂箱放入網室內使蜂群馴化適應。網室內之光度及溫濕度影響蜜蜂離巢及訪花之頻率，以晴天高光度及非中午高溫期之時段離巢訪花頻率高。遮陰處理配合蜜蜂授粉之果形、果肉厚度、單果重及糖度均優於遮陰處理下自然授粉者。 Honeybee hive should be put into the net-house one week before anthesis of first flower for honeybee acclimation when sweet pepper fruit production in the net-house during high temperature period. Light |
temperature and relative humidity in the net-house would affect the honeybee activities of leaving hive and foraging |
the frequency of leaving hive and foraging was high when in high light intensity and nonhigh temperature period on sunny days. In addition |
the fruit shape |
flesh thickness |
fruit weight and sweetness of fruit were better in honey bee pollination with shading treatment than those of self-pollinated with shading. |
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2013 應用綠肥營造環境親和型水旱田輪作經營模式 The establishment of environmental friendly crop rotation model usinggreen manure 102農科-14.1.3-種-X1 102AS -14.1.3-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 鄭梨櫻 Lee-Ying Cheng 為因應氣候變遷對台灣雜糧生產之考驗及現行耕作制度的衝擊，以飼料玉米品種選擇搭配環境親和型栽培方式，規劃2年1輪環境親和型水旱田輪作模式，規劃重點為輪作綠肥與水旱田輪作。試驗結果，輪作綠肥相較於對照組可減施化學肥料避免土壤酸化、提升土壤有效性磷含量及降低土壤電導度，減緩土壤鹽化。以土壤地力維護及輪作收益為評估指標，輪作模式B為較佳之輪作模式。 In response to the impact of climate change on the grains production and existing farming systems in Taiwan |
applied different feed corn varieties with environment-friendly cultivation methods |
planned for 2-years a round crop rotation patterns.The rotation patterns focuses on paddy field and dry land rotation and green manure application. The results showed that compared with the control |
green manure application can reduce chemical fertilizer usage to avoid acidification |
improve soil phosphorus content |
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reduce soil EC value and slow down soil salinization.Soil fertility maintain and cash earnings of crop rotation for theassessment index |
rotation mode B is the preferred mode of rotation. |
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2013 組織培養節能設備及技術之開發 Energy-saving equipment and technology development for tissue culture 102農科-14.1.6-種-X1 102AS -14.1.6-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 文紀鑾 Chi-Luan Wen 不公開 Not public |
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2013 健康種苗生產供應與健康管理體系之建立 Establishment of health seedlings production and health management system 102農科-14.2.2-種-X1 102AS -14.2.2-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 羅英妃 Ying-Fei Lo 一般認為芽菜為無土栽培之清潔蔬菜，但由於芽菜為時間與空間高密集周轉生產，故生產過程為抑菌、殺菌、促進下胚軸肥胖及抑制過多主根及鬚根生長，往往添加植物生長調節劑、漂白劑等，以致目前仍無相關符合生產履歷措施之作業與產品。本計畫調查台灣地區傳統市場、超級市場或量販店銷售之綠豆芽或黃豆芽，結果仍有二氧化硫、6-BA或2 |
4-D等添加物質之檢出。本計畫調查市售綠豆真菌汙染率為42% ，細菌汙染率為24%，以 70℃熱處理 30分鐘即可有效將綠豆種子的真菌汙染率下降至為25% ，細菌汙染率為5% ，並且不會影響種子之發芽率。後續配合業界將自有技術如芽菜加壓生產栽培箱，芽菜根部截切機械原型，建立無施用藥劑之芽菜安全生產流程，成功輔導1家豆芽生產安全無用藥廠商。完成馬鈴薯主要產區瘡痂病調查，食用薯調查結果顯示，使用通過驗證種薯田區瘡痂病發生情況減輕約55%，顯示使用健康種薯有助於降低瘡痂病害之威脅。另以非農藥防治管理栽培生產馬鈴薯種薯，種薯產量與品質與傳統栽培無差異，可減少化學藥劑使用之風險，栽培時建議將30-10-10肥料稀釋1000倍使用，以確保種薯產量與品質。本次蒐集之7個豇豆品種實生苗經ELISA病毒篩選，復於隔離網室栽培後，各品種間種子產量上似乎存有明顯差異。選擇萎凋病發生嚴重的產地田區進行嫁接苗耐病性測試，以直播苗為對照組，在田區第四次連作時，直播苗全數萎凋死亡，存活率0%，嫁接苗部分則仍有80%的存活率，產量部分，直播苗全數萎凋死亡，產量0%，嫁接苗部分則仍有665公斤/0.1ha的收成，顯示耐病根砧可以提高田間存活率並穩定產量。 This project investigated green bean or soybean sprouts bought fromtraditional market or supermarkets in Taiwan. Some added substances such as sulfur dioxide |
6-BA or 2 |
4-D were detected. We also found out the rate of fungal and bacterial contamination of commercially available green bean seeds were 42% and 24% respectively. After 30 minutes heat treatment at 70℃ |
the contaminated seeds changed into clean effectively and did not affect the germination. We established a safe sprouts production processes by growth enviroment control and sprouts cultivated pressurized containers and sprouts rootscutting machine. This project advised a professional grower to produce safe sprouts without chemical or plant growth regulator. According to our survey at major potato production areas in Taiwan |
common scab disease was decreased 55% by using certified seed potato. It shows that using healthy seed potato can avoid the risk of common scab disease. Compared non-pesticidal and non-fungicidial management with traditional management |
the yield and quality of seed potato were no significant difference. The result shows that we can reduce the risk of using chemistry by non-pesticidal and non-fungicidial management. And we also recommend using 1000x the period of cultivation to get better seed potato.The results of preliminary experience show that the virus-free seedlings of 7 Asparagus been varieties planting in net house |
there seemed significant differences in seed yield.sparagus bean (yard-long bean) varieties and one fusarium-resistant stock were tested in the study to evaluate the resistance of fusarium wilt in the field.The results showed of plant survival rate of seed seedlings and grafted asparagus bean planted in production field at 4th continuous cropping were 0% and 82% |
respectively. The yield were 0 kg and 655 kg/ 0.1 ha |
respectively. |
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2012 植物種苗研究團隊-基因轉殖及非基因轉殖種苗驗證及共存體系之建構-基因轉殖作物認驗證與檢監測模式之建立 Construction of the certification and coexistence system for GM and non-GM seedlings 101農科-1.1.1-種-X1 101AS -1.1.1-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 沈翰祖 Han-Tsu Shen 基因轉殖作物檢監測體系由農糧署委託種苗改良繁殖場邀集農業試驗所、桃園區農業改良場、台南區農業改良場、花蓮區農業改良場、國立中興大學等單位建立「基因轉殖作物檢監測小組」，藉由「檢測技術建立」、「儀器與檢測精準度試驗」、「檢測樣品檢出能力試驗」、「能力試驗」等，已建立基因轉殖木瓜2個、玉米10個、大豆3個以及馬鈴薯1個品項之標準化檢測模式，其中大豆及馬鈴薯已向「財團法人全國認證基金會（Taiwan Accreditation Foundation |
TAF）」之實驗室提出增項認證申請。本年度檢監測小組進行基因轉殖大豆3次、玉米2次能力試驗。核酸定量檢測之量測不確定度(measurement uncertainty |
MU) 以bottom-up與topdown等兩種評估策略建立評估模式，以歐盟建議之試驗條件所得不確定度數值為30.6%，依儀器所提供條件所得不確定度數值為29.81%。已完成基因轉殖玉米與傳統農業共存栽培建議書與基因轉殖作物標準化取樣及監測模式，並以田間試驗模擬基因轉殖大豆花粉飄散趨勢，本年度春作試驗並未發生花粉污染之情形。已利用衛星定位(GPS)監測台灣水稻28個、油菜10個、馬鈴薯4個、玉米10個、大豆11個栽培區、野生大豆9個生長區等資料，且以地理資訊系統(Geographic Information System |
GIS)分析是否受到基因轉殖作物污染，並完成可攜式GIS系統。 The detection and monitoring system of transgenic crops in Taiwan was entrusted by the Agriculture and Food Agency (AFA) |
Council of Agriculture (COA) and the team member is Agricultural Research Institute |
Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station |
Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station |
Hualien District Agricultural Research and Extension Station |
National Chung Hsing University and Seed Improvement and Propagation Station (SIPS). Technique for detection of GM crops consists of four distinct steps |
including detection capability |
proficiency test |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-基因轉殖作物種苗檢測監測體系之建立 The establishment of detection and monitors system for genetically modified seedling 101農科-1.1.1-種-X2 101AS -1.1.1-SS-X2 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張珈錡 Jia-Ci Chang 持續執行基因轉殖作物種苗TAF檢測實驗室，於本年度進行一次監督評鑑、一次認證實驗室內部稽核與一次認證實驗室年度管理審查會議。另完成實驗室電腦條碼管理系統套裝化測試，與配合農糧署辦理二場基因轉殖作物檢測討論會。並利用Realtime PCR建立基因轉殖玉米TC1507、BT-176、Bt11、MON810、NK603、3272、MIR604、GA21、59122、MON863等品項、基因轉殖大豆GTS 40-3-2、DP-305423-1、DP-356043-5等品項之螢光快速檢測技術，R2均達0.9以上。 The increasing presence of transgenic plant in the international markets has provoked a strong demand for appropriate detection methods to evaluate the existence of transgenic plants. Technique for detection of GM crops consists of four distinct steps |
including detection capability |
proficiency test |
the standard detection and monitoring model. The biological area of detection laboratory at SIPS has been accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025. There are several items to be accredited by TAF |
including transgenic papaya (Papaya ring spot virus coat protein gene |
prsv-cp gene; Papaya ring spot virus coat protein gene |
PRSV CP gene；papaya leaf distortion mosaic virus |
PLDMV～py16-cp gene) |
maize (TC1507 |
BT-176 |
BT11 |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-植物種苗產業發展服務平台 Development and Service Platform forPlant Seed/Seedlings Industry 101農科-1.1.2-種-X1 101AS -1.1.2-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 李美娟 Mei-Jiuan Lee 不公開 Not public |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-番木瓜種苗七號全兩性株調控基因分析與產業應用 Analysis of regulation genes of allhermaphrodite papaya cv. TSS No.7 and its application on industry 101農科-1.1.2-種-X2 101AS -1.1.2-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 李美娟 Mei-Jiuan Lee 不公開 Not public |
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2012 種子檢查技術研習 Study on seed testing technology 101農科-4.2.1-種-X1 101AS -4.2.1-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 許鐈云 Ciao-Yun Syu 今年度本場派員1名參加國際種子檢查協會(International Seed Testing Association |
ISTA)認證實驗室(Accredited Laboratory)舉辦之種子活力檢查(Seed Vigour Testing)及種子發芽率檢查(Seed Germination Testing)研習課程，出國期間為101年9月8-21日。其中，種子活力檢查研習係20/20種子檢查室(20/20 Seed Labs Inc.)於愛特蒙頓舉辦；種子發芽率研習係加拿大食品檢驗局(Canadian Food Inspection Agency |
CFIA)於薩斯卡通舉辦，本研習計有加拿大、美國、英國 、德國、法國、荷蘭、澳大利亞、日本及我國等國家種子檢查人員參加。此次研習內容主要包含ISTA及種子檢查規則簡介、種子活力檢查方法(電導度法、胚根觀察法、人工老化法)、種子發芽率檢查方法(單子葉及雙子葉作物種子實習)、品質保證、ISTA檢驗證填寫及參觀加拿大食品檢驗局(Canadian Food Inspection Agency)種子實驗室及國家種子標本館(National Seed Herbarium)，並於課後請CFIA潔淨度人員講授禾穀類作物、豆科作物及十字花科作物種子潔淨度分析操作流程。 In this year |
one researcher of TSS attended two ISTA workshops on 8-21 Sept. |
2012 in Canada . The Seed Vigour Testing workshop was hold by 20/20 Seed Labs(Accredited Code: CA10) in Edmonton |
and the Seed Germination Testing workshop was hold by Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) (Accredited Code: CA08) in Saskatoon. The participators in these ISTA workshops came from Canada |
U.S.A. |
U.K. |
Germany |
France |
Netherlands |
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2012 赴荷蘭研習健康種苗產程管理系統中產品品質與病理管控點之設立 Establishment of verification techniques and critical control points for healthy seedling management system from Netherlands 101農科-4.2.1-種-X2 101AS -4.2.1-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 袁雅芬 Ya-fen Yuan 台灣現階段驗證檢查架構以生產期間之控管為主。除了在行政架構上兩國極明顯不同，荷蘭在馬鈴薯種薯生產策略與產程管理上與我國現行系統不同，尤其在於收成後庫存管理、批次管理與認證追蹤上皆有技術及系統建立，相較目前於台灣並無此管理系統，實值得向荷蘭借鏡，作實地參訪與學習。與荷蘭相關單位接洽，完成行程安排與規劃重要行程: 1. 建立雙方在健康種苗驗證制度上技術經驗及資訊上交流之管道。2.提升我國在健康種苗產程管理執行之技術。 The health seedling supply system is the most basement of agriculture production. Taiwan |
small but densely populated |
has excellent location as an International Transportation Center in Southeast Asia. Our government needs to plan the trend and development for agriculture to focus at soft power including excellent traditional breeders and high biotech genetic-engine researchers as backing to develop the seeding industry and make the seed industry refined and internationalization in Taiwan. The future goal is to make Taiwan as the Asia-Pacific Plant Seedling Centre |
which constructed for the export market-oriented. To construct the healthy seedling procedure management system is one of the nucleus strategies to make Taiwan as the Asia-Pacific Plant Seedling Centre.TSS starts to construct the whole R ＆ D production procedure of health seedling |
healthy seed production system process control and industrial applications.And TSS also make connection and meet the demands of the international validation and certification system.The Netherlands is internationally renowned for its practical approaches and applications in the seedling industry since the first bulb test laboratory was set up. Cooperation between public (Plant Protection Service |
PD) and private sectors (including: Netherlands Inspection Service for Horticulture；Naktuinbouw |
NAKT; Flower Bulb Inspection Service |
BKD; Dutch General Inspection Service for Agricultural Seed) has resulted in innovative developments in breeding and variety development |
seed production |
storage |
seed certification and marketing. The Dutch approach to seed sector development and worldwide partnerships provide new insights and knowledge for the sustainable development of seedling supply systems in developing countries or countries with an economy in transition.In Taiwan |
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2012 赴荷蘭研習利用分子標誌進行花卉及蔬菜品種鑑(檢)定 The study on molecular marker and DUS test techniques used for plant variety protection in Netherlands 101農科-4.2.1-種-X3 101AS -4.2.1-SS-X3 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張惠如 Hui-Ju Chang Naktuinbouw為荷蘭執行植物品種檢定的專責機構，亦負責歐盟成員國數種作物品種申請案件之檢定工作，具相當豐富的品種檢定業務經驗及人力。本年度於8月19日至9月1日前往Naktuinbouw進行研習，研習內容主要分為：一、蝴蝶蘭、其他蘭花(萬代蘭、文心蘭)、飄香藤等重要經濟作物之品種檢定，透過實質檢定、雙方檢定技術交流、性狀調查表開發及結果討論；二、蝴蝶蘭SSR分子標誌分析方法比較與討論、研擬未來雙方可行之合作方式與DNA資料庫的建立方法等。透過與其技術人員的交流與經驗分享，可在往後操作上更加留意一些可以增加準確度的地方，進而調和雙方技術與檢定結果。除前述技術之實務操作與討論，建立雙方溝通及交流管道外。並蒐集有關Naktuinbouw之品質監管及作業程序等資料訊息，期有助於促進國內檢定技術的提升及經驗之累積。 Naktuinbouw is the only authorized organization in the Netherlands which is responsible for DUS – testing of all varieties of ornamental |
vegetable and agricultural crops. And Naktuinbouw is not only responsible for domestic applications but also for applications in EU. The study was mainly done in Naktuinbouw from Aug. 19th to Sep. 1. This study included doing the descriptions |
learning how to develop a test guideline and revise it by discussions and operations. The learning was especially involved in Phalaenopsis |
other orchids and other ornamentals. And the study also included visiting the Laboratories |
to use the same SSR primers and DNA of Phalaenopsis cultivars registered in Taiwan to do experimental analysis |
and then discuss some questions based on the experimental results. To enhance the standardization and authority of the technologies which were established through cooperation and technical exchange of both sides. |
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2012 植物種苗農業職能及訓練管理成效之研究 The study of competency standard and training management in plant seedling industry 101農科-5.2.2-種-X1 101AS -5.2.2-SS-X1 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 鍾依萍 I-Ping Chung 教育訓練的目的是要增強農民的能力、提升農民解決問題之技能，使達到降低生產成本，以及提高作物品質之目標，除積極生產及管理技術之訓練外，對於訓練之成效以及推廣服務品質並應持續給予評估與改進。本計畫在「種苗生產暨管理技術輔導訓練」辦理種苗技術訓練班10梯次（入門4梯次、初階1梯次、進階4梯次、高階1梯次）、種苗專題講座6場、發行種苗科技專訊4期（7 |
200本）。在「在訓學員訓練發展及成效評估」針對入門4梯次、初階1梯次、進階-組培班3梯次進行訓練考評調查，學員在反應層次評估，各項評估非常好及好者皆有85.70%以上；在學習層次評估方面進行進階班學員受訓前與後之測驗，得分由58.68分進步至78.51分進步程度達134%，顯示訓練後有能力改變之情形。問卷分析得知，各階段學員來受訓的目的不同；未來投入或繼續從事農業工作的意願方面，願意者皆有9成以上，想投入或想繼續從事農業工作的原因，皆是以「個人興趣」最高、其次為「家中有農地」或「看好農業前景」，顯示學員對農業有高度的興趣並看好其前景與發展。在「結訓學員追蹤調查」部份，是以電訪方式調查98~101年參加本場進階訓練班－組織培養訓練、穴盤育苗課程之結訓學員從農情形，有從農者佔79.55%、兼農者佔18.18%、未從農者佔2.27%；從農的年齡分佈集中於41-60歲（58.33%）。建議未來在課程規劃上能多吸引青年人加入，並持續提供現有從農學員所需課程與輔導，調查與關注學員從農面臨的問題，讓有意從農與仍在從農的學員能更積極地投入農業。 The aim of educational training is to enhance the farmers’ abilities in problem solving. In addition to the energetic production and the training of management skill |
the training results and service qualities should be evaluated and improved continuously. This project conducted 10 training courses of seeding skill and divided 4 different levels courses |
which included 4 periods of entry |
1 period of beginners |
4 periods of advanced and 1 period of high-level. Also |
it conducted 6 seeding subject workshops and published seasonal seeding journals which issued 7 |
200 volumes in total.According to evaluation questionnaires of the training courses in the level of entry |
beginners and advanced |
more than 87% of the trainees have shown both great and good in reaction. Moreover |
the evaluation of learning in advanced shown that the test results from before to after training has progress 134% |
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2012 建構亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台 Construction for Asia Pacific Seedlings Industry Services Platform 101農科-7.2.1-種-X1 101AS -7.2.1-SS-X1 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 蔡瑜卿 Yu-Ching Tsai 一、 亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台之建置完成亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台之建置，進行系統安裝及測試、相關文件編撰，本場既有10個資料庫進行資料整理共轉錄5 |
016筆、新增資料452 |
313筆至新建置的亞太植物種苗產業服務資訊平台，並完成2場教育訓練課程、本服務資訊平台營運模式規劃報告、植物種苗產業之育種領域技術計量分析報告各一份。二、蝴蝶蘭品種影像辨識輔助系統開發建置自動化的蝴蝶蘭品種檢定影像辨識系統，首先必須對蝴蝶蘭花朵的上萼瓣、下萼瓣、翼辦及唇瓣做影像的色彩、形狀、紋理特徵擷取。利用這些特徵向量查詢比對資料庫中每一個既有的蝴蝶蘭資料與待檢定之蝴蝶蘭的相似度，如此一來，鑑定人員可以輸入想要檢定的蝴蝶蘭品種之影像，系統會將所輸入之蝴蝶蘭影像與資料庫中已登錄的蝴蝶蘭品種進行比對，然後輸出排名前幾名的結果相似的品種(由高分到低分)回傳給檢定人員參考，以此來協助檢定人員判斷此蝴蝶蘭影像是否為新品種。 "1.A study of Constructing Asian Pacific Seedlings Industrial Information Services Platform Since the technology of information and communication and seedling industry are developing rapidly |
the agricultural public sector must be able to provide further depth and breadth of real-time industrial information services for seedling industry towards highly refined and international development. However |
information scattered |
repetitive or uneven quality problems will be encountered while the amount of information is continuous increasing. Therefore |
to plan and constructs an integrated industrial information services which providing diversified industrial information services to satisfy the information needs of the seedling industry should be an important research issue. The research used the methods of content analysis |
interviews |
questionnaires and expert panels; it firstly investigated 10 database resources and nine related domestic industrial service information platforms to study the current status of industrial information resources and services. It followed conducted a questionnaire survey and interviews to understand the requirements of information services from users of seedling industry so as to plan and construct the industrial information services platform. The general construction of the Asian Pacific plant seedling industrial information services platform contains platform purpose |
contents and functions. One of the functions of the ""Industrial Services"" covers a variety of information |
technical services |
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2012 RFID技術應用於種子倉儲管理之研究與開發 Study and development on RFID technology for the seed production and marketing management 101農科-7.3.1-種-X1 101AS -7.3.1-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 許鐈云 Ciao-Yun Syu 種苗場擁有9座種子冷藏庫，長年配合政府政策負責生產供應全省雜糧、綠肥及蔬菜作物種子，操作從契作生產及外購種子、調製、加工、倉儲、運輸至推廣銷售等一系列種子產銷流程作業。去(100)年度針對種子倉儲部分建構「種子倉儲管理系統」部分，並結合無線射頻辨識(RFID)應用，達成種子倉儲流程作業電子化，除可供本場內部良好管理，增加種子倉儲管理透明性及即時性，此外結合RFID監控倉儲溫溼度環境情況，同時亦減少種子損耗，降低購買者損失。本(101)年度擴大應用層面，於軟體系統方面將第一期開發的系統加以擴充，增加會計(含出納)功能。 Taiwan seed improvement and propagation station (TSS) has 9 seed refrigerated storages and is responsible for the seed production of cereal |
green manure and vegetable. Moreover |
there are a series of seed producing and marketing procedure operation including producing |
purchasing |
processing |
packaging |
storage |
transportation and marketing.In last year |
it’s aim to accomplishment of the efficient method of seed storage management by RFID technology in order to maintain the seed of quality |
to decrease the waste of manpower and time and to enhance the check time of the inventory in the seed storage effectively. In this year |
it’s important to extend the capability of the system including accounting and cashier. |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-作物特定性狀分子標誌建立及選殖 The establishment and application of specific molecular markers for the crops trait 101農科-9.1.1-種-X1 101AS -9.1.1-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 孫永偉 Yung-Wei Sun a.番茄抗斑點萎凋病毒基因型之分子鑑定：番茄斑點萎凋病毒病，為番茄溫室栽培的主要病害之一，近年更有蔓延的趨勢。危害症狀變化大，從苗期到成株各部位均可感染呈現症狀，Sw5抗性基因控制下接種TSWV的反應呈現無病斑或僅限制性過敏反應。本試驗完成在Sw5基因位置上建立分子標誌並建立Multiplex RT-PCR (含TSWV/Sw5)可同時檢定番茄抗斑點萎凋病毒病的同質抗性、異質抗性或感病性及是否帶有TSWV的病毒。利用F2族群分析抗性基因之分離情形，結果栽培種中之Sw5a與Sw5b抗性基因表現在栽培種中呈現不分離情形，分離比為1:2:1並已運用於大量樣品基因型檢定。利用ELISA及RT-PCR檢測接種TSWV病原植株，以檢定番茄抗斑點萎凋病毒病的同質抗性、異質抗性或感病性的抗病能力，結果同質抗性、異質抗性或感病性檢出病原的比例分別為0%、1.26%及41%。b.木瓜性別相關基因及其分子標誌之建立：由DNA層次進行分子標誌的篩選工作，希望能獲得與木瓜全兩性性狀相關之分子標誌。經過多組的SSR及SCAR引子PCR試驗篩選，電泳分析發現：目前所設計之引子對在各試驗材料間，在全兩性株及一般兩性株材料間，並無篩選出具可鑑別全兩性性狀之差異性條帶。進一步將增幅出的條帶進行序列分析，由序列上發現全兩性株與一般兩性株/雄株之間，同個增幅條帶內具有單個核甘酸的差異。這些單個核甘酸的差異是否可發展為SNP或CAPS分子標誌，而應用於全兩性性狀的判定，則需再進行試驗進行篩選測試後，方能由實驗結果來印證。c. 番茄抗黃化捲葉病毒分子標誌之建立：番茄黃化捲葉病毒(Tomato yellow leaf curl virus |
TYLCV)是由粉蝨傳播的嚴重病害，台灣主要有2種，ToLCTWV (mono-partite，台灣種) 及TYLCTHV(bi-partite，泰國種)。本研究與亞蔬中心合作利用不同育種者之抗感病番茄品種為試驗材料，主要目的在建立黃化捲葉病毒及番茄抗病基因(Ty-3a、Ty-5)分子標誌。結果顯示，引子BGVs可擴增Begomovirus屬病毒(含ToLCTWV及TYLCTHV) 1.6 kb之DNA條帶，引子TY-TH與TY-TW可分別擴增TYLCTHV與ToLCTWV病毒1.6 kb之DNA條帶。近年致病力較強之泰國種病毒發生率呈明顯上升趨勢。已建立抗病基因Ty-3a及Ty-5之SCAR分子標誌，引子Ty3可分別擴增抗病Ty-3、Ty-3a基因320、500及感病ty-3基因250 bp之DNA條帶，引子Ty5可擴增抗病Ty-5及感病ty-5基因750及650 bp之DNA條帶。上述分子標誌可協助育種者早期篩選抗病植株、確認抗病基因型(R/R、R/S、S/S)及病毒感染情形，提高育種效率。 The projects of this program have three components including. The first is the establishment and application molecular markers of the resistance to sport wilt virus in tomato analysis system. Specific markers SCAR-Sw5-1313 and SCAR-sw 5-676 were developed for differentiating allelic variation at Sw5 locus. It amplifies fragments from both resistant and susceptible tomato accessions with different molecular sizes that corresponding to the presence of Sw5/Sw5 |
Sw5/sw5 and sw5/sw5 alleles.This year we also merged SCAR-Sw 5-1313 |
SCAR-sw 5-676 and TSWV as Multiplex-PCR through once RT-PCR |
detecting Sw5/Sw5 |
Sw5/sw5 |
sw5/sw5 and TSWV simultaneously. Sw5a and Sw5b are resistance genes to sport wiltvirus in chromosome 9 of tomato. Genes (Sw 5a and Sw 5b) could beidentified by molecular markers Tss#Sw5a and Tss#Sw5b |
respectively. F2 segregation rate of Sw5aSw5b /Sw5aSw5b |
Sw5aSw5b/sw5 and sw5/sw5 was 1:2:1. Inoculation experiment of TSWV to 2 F2 populations showed superiority of homo-resistance genotype and hetero-resistance genotype to susceptibility genotype.The second is establishment the molecular markers for sex determination in Carica papaya L. (papaya) by using SSR and SCAR analysis. In SSR-PCR and SCAR-PCR analysis |
we didn't found the maker was specific to allhermaphrodite character. Most of these primers can get a band in male |
hermaphrodite and all-hermaphrodite materials. The sequence analysis results of the band were showed single nucleotide differences in male/hermaphrodite or hermaphrodite/ all-hermaphrodite materials. These single nucleotide differences might be applied to SNP or CAPS molecular markers which can detected the all-hermaphrodite character. But it is needed further experimental results to prove it. Tomato yellow leaf curl disease is a serious constraint to the production |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-作物種苗微體繁殖技術之開發與改進 The study of healthy seedling production by tissue culture 101農科-9.1.1-種-X2 101AS -9.1.1-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 陳哲仁 Jen-Ren Chen 本試驗建立春石斛9117品種組織培養繁殖技術及植株苗期肥培管理條件。使用添加細胞分裂素BA或TDZ之培養基，可顯著的促進芽體增殖數，以B4、T2培養2個月每培殖體平均可形成3.12芽、3.23芽，顯著高於對照組之1.6芽。增殖之芽體經移至添加NAA和香蕉粉之培養基培養，具有誘導根系形成之效果，以N1B3培養基培養2個月後根數達5.6根，根長達4.1 cm且發根率達100.0%為最佳。將組培苗出瓶種植10個月之植株，進行不同氮、磷、鉀比例之營養液處理，試驗對其苗期生長、開花表現之影響，結果顯示，苗期植株外表性狀之生長以低量的磷、鉀肥處理(N1-P1-K1、N1-P2-K1)較佳，然後續之開花表現則以苗期施用中量之磷、鉀肥(N1-P2-K2)之表現最佳。訪視春石斛蘭業者，確認主要病害為炭疽病及葉斑病。採樣病株，進行組織分離，得到4株炭疽病菌，並回接5品種石斛蘭葉片，確認病原性。本研究為探討3品種鳳梨不定芽形成，以0.5 mg/L TDZ 處理之側芽培植體癒傷組織誘導率最高，為80%，培養3 週後已有不定芽形成。而不定芽形成率則以添加3.0mg/L BA最高，為98%。在不定芽誘導發根試驗結果顯示以2.0 mg/L NAA或IAA之發根率95% 為最佳，平均發根數有2.1根形成。種苗金皇一號石斛冷水萃取物可以活化小鼠巨噬細胞(RAW264.7 cells)促進NO的釋放，而且也可以明顯促進TNF-α 和IL-6的釋放。 An efficient in vitro propagation protocol for nobile-type dendrobium was established. In this study |
a shoot proliferation medium supplemented with different concentration of cytokinins (BA or TDZ) was evaluated its effect on shoot proliferation. The results indicated that using shoot proliferation medium B4 or T2 were optimal for shoot proliferation with shoot proliferation number per explant of 3.12 |
3.23. The rooting rate of plantlets were 100% after two months rooting in the rooting medium –N1B3 |
the average root number and root length of plantlets were 5.6 and 4.1 cm |
respectively. In addition |
the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fertilizers with different rate of nitrogen (N) |
phosphorus (P) |
and potassium (K) on the growth and flowering of the nobile-type dendrobium. The results show that treatments of N1-P1-K1 and N1-P2-K1 were optimal for growth |
but the N1-P2-K2 treatment was optimal for flowering.We have visited 2 Dendrobium entertainments |
confirming the maindiseases are anthracnose and Pseudocercospra leaf spots. By sampling diseased plants and tissue separating |
4 strains of Colletotrichum spp.were obtained. Leaves of 5 Dendrobium varieties were inoculated with these strains for making sure their pathogenicity.The objectives of the present study were to develop culture method for shoot formation in 3cultivars of pineapple. Treatment of 0.5 mg/L TDZ was found best in callus induction from lateral bud explants |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-仙履蘭產業技術開發及應用 Paphiopedilum industry technologydevelopment and application 101農科-9.1.1-種-X3 101AS -9.1.1-SS-X3 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 廖玉珠 Yu-Ju Liao 不公開 Not public |
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2012 建立飼料玉米種子籌供體系 Establishment of hybrid corn production and supplying system 101農科-9.2.1-種-X1 101AS -9.2.1-SS-X1 農場 Research Farm 陳學文 Hsueh-Wen Chen 台南24號親本花期配合間隔（ASI），父本開花期較母本吐絲期約晚3.51天~5.92天；果穗結實粒數為粒552.06~591.42粒；而果穗結實率則介於85.6%~92.7%；台農1號親本花期配合間隔（ASI），父本開花期較母本吐絲期約晚0.44天~4.73天；果穗結實粒數為粒299.11~309.22粒；而果穗結實率則介於82.7%~94.67% |
玉米台南24號以栽植密度25公分之結實率最高，台農1號以栽植密度15公分之結實率最高。台中地區春作玉米台南24號及台農1號春作皆以栽植密度15公分之結實率最高。台中地區秋作因生育期尚未結束，依目前數據分析，台南24號親本花期配合間隔（ASI），父本開花期較母本吐絲期約晚3.8天~5.1天；台農1號親本花期配合間隔（ASI），父本開花期較母本吐絲期約晚1.4天~3.8天。101年春作計觀察12項飼料玉米品種，觀察結果以台南24號及103對銹病抗性最佳，葉枯病則各品種罹病情形相近。台農1號、2#及台南20號最早熟，104最晚熟。單株產量以104、933及008最高，台農1號最低。 The objectives was established appropriate planting date for seed production of hybrid corn Tainan no.24 and Tainon no25cm sowing was higher. The results of Tainon no.1 found that male parent anthering date later 0.44 to 4.73 days than female parent silking date. The numbers of corn grains were 299 to 309. The rates of seed set were between 93.7%-94.7% |
which the 15cm sowing was higher in Pingtung. The rates of fertility were between 82.7%-90.8% |
which the 25cm sowing was higher in Taichung.From the investigation of spring season |
the rates of seed set of Tainan no.24. was increased with the planting density increased |
and TN no.1 wasn’t in Pingtung.There are the rates of fertility of Tainan no.24.and Tainon no.1 were increased with the planting density increased inTaichung.We suggested that the indirect effects of planting density seed yield. It also shows that the overall performance of the crop |
non-single factor can be decided |
such as fertilizers applied planting time |
soil properties is also extremely important |
and this need to be further explored.The collection of international evaluation and utilization of twelve feed corn varieties were observed in the spring of 2012 |
the results showed that 103 and Tainan 24 had the best performance on rust resistance and leaf blight resistance are similar among varieties.TNG1 |
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2012 雜糧作物種子調製倉儲技術改進研究 Improvement of Seed process and storage techniques 101農科-9.2.1-種-X2 101AS -9.2.1-SS-X2 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 洪建民 Chien-Min Hung 本研究所調查及紀錄調製過程中不同乾燥作業環境和種子水分變化與油耗量關係之數據，期望能建立視不同的乾燥作業環境需求，供現場操作人員判斷及採取最適乾燥操作策略，以達到最省能源、最短乾燥時間、最佳能源利用效率等研究目的。研究資料顯示：乾燥期間大氣日平均溫度範圍12.1O C～20.7O C；日平均相對溼度：59%～94%時，種穗水分含量由30.7%降至17.8%需72小時，油耗量1 |
090公升。大氣日平均溫度範圍7.5～16.5 OC、日平均相對濕度58～96%時，種穗水份含量由30.5%降至18%需75.4小時，油耗量為1 |
127公升。由研究資料得知，玉米種穗和種粒之減乾率和乾燥效能受乾燥期間大氣溫、濕度變化影響。 This research investigated the relationship of the operated environment in different dry conditions |
the changes in seeds moisture |
and the consumption of diesel oil. The object of the research was to establish the strategy of the best operation to dry seeds to short the energy and drying time. When the average temperature was 12.1-20.7 OC and the average RH was 59%～94% |
it cost 72hr to decrease the moisture of the corncobs and seeds from 30.7% to 17.8% and the consumption of diesel oil was 1090kg. When the average temperature was 7.5-16.5OC and the average RH was 58%～96% |
it cost 75.4hr to decrease the moisture of the corncobs and seeds from 30.5% to 18% and the consumption of diesel oil was 1127kg.The difference rate of moisture of the corncobs and seeds and efficiency of drying seeds were directly influence by the change of temperature and RH during the drying time. |
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2012 優質番木瓜品種選育、採種及栽培技術改進 Good quality varieties selection and improvement the technology ofcultivation and seed production on papaya 102農科-9.2.2-種-X1 102AS -9.2.2-SS-X1 屏東種苗中心 Pingtung Seed & Seeding Research Center 邱展台 Chan-Tai Chiu 不公開 Not public |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-蔬菜品種改良及採種技術研究 Study on improvement of vegetable varities and technology of seed production 101農科-9.2.2-種-X2 101AS -9.2.2-SS-X2 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭宏遠 Horng-Yeuan Kuo 本計畫之目的在育出高產量、高品質、耐熱和抗病之胡瓜、南瓜、苦瓜、番椒及茄子之新品種，並進行具潛力新品系之採種技術研究。 The main purpose of this project is to breed for promising varieties with desirable characteristic |
such as high yield |
superior quality |
heat tolerance and diseases resistance |
and to do the seed production tests for the potential new hybrids of cucumber |
pumpkin |
bitter gourd |
pepper and eggplant. |
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2012 仙履蘭及熱帶球根花卉品種改良與種苗生產技術開發 Improvement on slipper orchid and tropic bulb flowers breeding and establishment the seedling productiontechnique 101農科-9.2.2-種-X3 101AS -9.2.2-SS-X3 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 劉明宗 Ming-Chung Liu 依照仙履蘭育種四大目標進行雜交授粉工作，101年雜交授粉9組合，本年挑選出多花及較耐熱性之親本進行雜交，但授粉成功機率低，有可能是亞屬間雜交及夏季溫室溫度較高之因；從仙履蘭雜交組合中以PA94002雜交組合後裔之不同單株具有Paph. primulinum品種多花特性，花朵會同時開放或者接續開放，且有的後裔也有單花的出現，因此可再從這些後裔中，篩選單花或雙花特性，並可同時開花為佳。球根花卉品種選育在彩色海芋方面，94及95年雜交後裔中已選出具潛力單株共4株，進行單株性狀比較，褐黑色系列中以品系95069具有花色特殊之優點，花莖較長之優點，單株95036-a是所有單株比較中不論花莖及花苞皆最長，且花苞形狀較適宜切花包裝。孤挺花新品種選育中，從孤挺花優良雜交單株進行性狀比較觀察，獲得具潛力單株4株，其中白色系以24X76表現最佳，花梗長約38.2公分，具有種球小即可順利抽梗之特性。單株D94001之花色表現較佳，為鮭魚色，重瓣化明顯，適合做盆花用途；單株H912003為紫紅色，顏色亮麗，可作為切花與盆花用途。以孤挺花新品種種苗一號-粉珍珠及種苗二號-紅豔之小鱗球為材料，進行開花球養成之肥培管理試驗，試驗結果顯示供試之不同施肥頻度在葉片數差異不大，但是葉長與葉寬方面則以高頻度施肥(每週施肥一次)似乎較佳，而對種球是否有影響，則必須待種球採收後才能得知。宮燈百合定植田間網室，進行不同肥料比例試驗，以N-P2O5-K2O﹦30-10-10之肥料比例，對於植株地上部之生育較佳；施用N-P2O5-K2O=20-20-20之肥料比例進行施肥濃度試驗，結果以肥料稀釋1000倍，對地上部生育較佳。 According to four goals in slipper orchids breeding |
we have selected superior progenies ‘PA94002’ with Paph. Primulinum’s multifloral characterestics. Bulbous flowers in calla lilies breeding during in 2005 and 2006 hybrids |
we have selected potential progeny of ‘95069’ with dark-purple spathe and good horticultural characteristics. It can be used as cut flower. Another potential progeny of ‘95036-a’ with long spathe and peduncle length |
and good spathe shape which is easy packed .Bulbous flowers in amaryllis |
we have selected 4 potential hybrid progenies of double-flower. The white line of ‘24X76’ the best performance of flower shape |
salmon color line of ‘D94001’ is better performance for the double tepals and purple-red color of ‘H912003’ is bright color of flower. For the fertilization frequency test in amaryllis of TSS No.1-Pearl and TSS No.2-Red Splendor |
the results show the different fertilization frequency is no significant difference on leaf number. The leaf length and width is better on high frequency fertilization.Sandersonia tubers were planted in soil under protected net greenhouse |
which were tested different fertilized formula. The result is fertilized formula N-P2O5-K2O=30-10-10 better for sandesonia plants growth |
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2012 花卉團隊-以化學性誘變法進行馬拉巴栗新品系選育 Breeding of Pachira macrocarpa via chemical mutagenesis 101農科-9.2.2-種-X4 101AS -9.2.2-SS-X4 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 郭孄婷 Lan-Ting Kuo 將採收之馬拉巴栗果實剖開，取出種子，以NaN3不同濃度進行浸種，分別為0 mM、0.5mM、1mM及2mM，浸種24hr、48hr，計算其發芽率並觀察誘變之結果，0 mM、0.5mM、1mM及2mM NaN3處理24hr，種子之發芽率分別為11.43%、10%、22.86%及11.76%，處理48hr後，種子之發芽率分別為0%、0%、1.52%、12.12%。目前已有三株變異株，變異之性狀分別為葉脈中間具有淺色斑紋及節間短縮，葉形細長捲曲。組織培養建立方面，未成熟種子切段進行癒合組織誘導，可觀察到各段節於傷口處有癒合組織產生，以含2 |
4-D 1mg/L之培養基效果較佳，2 |
4-D 2mg/L之處理，其培殖體易褐化，部分處理則有子葉轉綠之情形，逆分化效果較輕微。所產生之癒合組織多發生於切口處，呈現鬆散狀，無觀察到擬胚的產生，需進一步調整培養基，若以含2 |
4-D及2ip之培養基繼代培養，癒合組織可持續生長。 The seeds of Pachira macrocarpa were collected |
and treated with 0mM |
0.5mM |
1mM and 2mM for 24hrs or 48hrs. After treatments |
the hygrochastic seeds were planted apart. Then counted the germination rates of seeds and observed if there was mutation. The germination rate of hygrachastic seeds treated with 0 |
0.5 |
1 |
2mM NaN3 for 24hrs were 1.43% |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-植物品種檢定流程分析、人員訓練及分子標誌開發 plant seed/seedling team – Analyzing the examining process flow |
training faculty members and developing molecular marker of plant variety right 101農科-9.2.3-種-X1 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X1 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 張惠如 Hui-Ju Chang (a) 重要蘭科花卉品種分子標誌技術開發：將成功大學、桃園場、臺南場及本場所開發之多組可應用於蝴蝶蘭(包括朵麗蝶蘭)商業品種之SSR引子，以24個共同試驗材料(12個原生種及12個商業品種)進行鑑別能力的篩選與測試。分析結果顯示有14組引子對具有較高的多型性與鑑別能力。並進一步以相似度高的20組品種權品種與對照品種進一步測試後，發現僅有大白花的旭東威士忌與V3無法鑑別，其他各組登記品種與對照品種，在單組或多組SSR分子標誌組合後，皆能被鑑別。未來將進一步由此14組SSR引子對中，挑選更佳之引子組合，並建立此分子鑑定系統的參考品種，並將試驗方法撰寫為成熟的標準試驗方法。(a-1)委託成功大學生物科學系吳副教授文鑾針對鑑別蝴蝶蘭（Phalaenopsis spp.）品種分子標誌技術進行整合。本年度利用一套共同的試驗材料，透過雙方共同測試比較SSR分子標誌之鑑別力，選出其中十組高可擴增率且高度鑑別力的SSR分子標誌，其PIC (polymorphism information content)值介於0.877 (NCKU4)至0.941 (NCKU3)之間。另外，分析十組SSR分子標誌出現頻率最高的61個對偶基因，並選定可涵蓋這些對偶基因的十個蝴蝶蘭品種，作為未來基因型鑑定流程的參考品種，以確認每次鑑定流程的結果可重複性。(b) 檢定人員訓練及植物品種權教育推廣：已於2012年10月31日舉辨「2012年作物新品種檢定講習會」，參與人數共計101人。本次研習會講題除介紹一些新作物檢定方法外，亦介紹「蝴蝶蘭品種影像辨識系統」及「數位影像編輯軟體GIMP」之使用方式，為應用於檢定作業及性狀表開發的輔助工具。另外，更以「蝴蝶蘭品種權之國際合作」一題，詳細的介紹並說明臺灣的品種權將以蝴蝶蘭為首開展國際合作，提供有興趣的業者相關資訊，也促進檢定人員了解國際合作的概念及發展方式。(c) 木瓜三倍體選育運用於品種保護研究：以上年度利用秋水仙素1.5%處理幼苗莖頂，以流式細胞儀測定認定為4倍體植株後，定植於田間，進行自交及雜交，其自交一代及雜交一代經流式細胞儀檢測獲得10株4倍體植株，再經壓片鏡檢只有1株確認為4倍體。 The projects of this program have three components. One of the components is to establish varieties identification through SSR molecular marker of new and/or commercial varieties of Phalaenopsis. Ten out of 33 polymorphic SSR markers developed from NCKU(National Cheng Kung University) |
TDARE(Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station) |
TDARE(Tainan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station) and TSS (Taiwan Seed Improvement and Propagation Station) were selected through testing the transferability and discriminative power among 12 Phalaenopsis species and 12 Phalaenopsis cultivars |
and the PIC(polymorphism information content) ranged from 0.69 (Pm4077) to 0.94(NCKU2 |
NCKU3 |
NCKU9). The results showed that these 14 SSR markers can be used to complement the DUS test for identifying varieties with similar morphology effectively. The second is to training the faculty members to know the relative technologies of DUS test and system of plant variety protection through technique short-term training and keynote speech.The other one is tripolid papaya selection and improvement. Last year use of colchicines over 1.5% top of seedling stems |
by flow cytometry after the determination deemed to be tetrapolid of plant |
planting in the fields |
selfing and hybridization |
self-generation and their hybrids through flow cytometry detection. There were 10 plants multipolid and then confirmed by microscopy only 1 for tetrapolid.The results of this program will provide helpfully informations of plant variety protection. |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-植物品種開發及種苗驗證之應用研究-植物種苗認驗證體系建構 Establishment of the Accreditation system for plant seedlings 101農科-9.2.3-種-X2 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X2 生物技術課 Biotechnology Section 莊淑貞 Su-Jean Chuang 1.種苗檢測技術認驗證TAF實驗室設備建構及維護：本年度實驗室之儀器建置與驗證。新購置儀器(包括核酸定量儀、聚合酵素梯度溫度連鎖反應儀、植物生長箱、微量分注器以及桌上型離心機)符合TAF檢測實驗室需求之確認及各廠牌測試比較，並已完成採購及驗收程序。完成實驗室已設置儀器(包括ELISA讀值儀、微量分注器、酸鹼度計及聚合酵素溫度連鎖反應儀等)之年度校正維護，以符合TAF檢測實驗室管理。2.瓜類退綠黃化病毒及草莓潛隱輪斑病毒驗證體系建構：參酌國內外文獻，已完成瓜類退綠黃化病毒（Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus |
CCYV）與草莓潛隱輪斑病毒（Strawberry latent ringspot virus |
SLRSV）之檢測技術盤點。瓜類退綠黃化病毒目前檢測技術主要有：RT-PCR、Western blotting、ELISA及Immunoelectron microscopy；草莓潛隱輪斑病毒目前檢測技術主要有：RTPCR、IC-RT-PCR、ELISA與病徵判別。以不同的樣品進行各種檢測方法的方法測試，挑選最適合的檢測方法做為標準檢測流程。3.種子(苗)品質純度分子檢測技術研發及標準化：種子公司番茄品種植體材料(雜交一代及父、母本親)，及種苗場番椒新品種種苗2號及4號，共3組9個材料。番椒共篩選出8/100組有用引子，11個識別片段。番茄共篩選出7/100組有用引子，7個識別片段。經回收、定序、解序及重新設計條帶專一性引子，番茄SCAR標誌7組增幅出6個專一性條帶，番椒SCAR標誌10組增幅出6個專一性條帶。以番茄採種種子為材料，及以5個番茄識別標誌，進行F1種子純度分子檢測。檢測結果，顯示2個雜交種子其花粉為來自外來花粉非雜交種之父本親，本批番茄採種種子的F1種子純度為97.6%。4.十字花科種子健康檢查驗證體系之建立：本計畫目的係為準備種子檢查室十字花科種子黑腐病菌檢測認證工作，已依國際種子檢查協會規定之檢測方式建立適合本實驗室之十字花科種子黑腐病菌檢測流程。實際以人工汙染種子進行檢測流程的測試，可於FS及mCS20ABN兩種選擇性培養基上觀察到測試菌落的標準型態；在病原性測試也可將分離出之黑腐病菌菌株接種於甘藍葉片上顯示出典型病徵；靈敏度測試結果亦可測得達0.02%的帶菌率。 The purpose of this plan first is to promote the plant pathogens detection and isolation efficiency of the laboratory. This year |
regarding TAF-certification for laboratory equipment |
design and layout of the laboratory has already been completed and laboratory bench and instruments have been acquired |
calibrated and approved for operations.Second purpose of this plan |
with reference to published literature |
detection methods for Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus |
CCYV and Strawberry latent ringspot virus |
SLRSV have been researched and cataloged. Current detection methods regarding Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus |
CCYV include: RT-PCR |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-種子品質及處理技術研發 Developement for the seed processing techniques to promoting seed quality 101農科-9.2.3-種-X3 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X3 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 黃玉梅 Yu-Mei Huang 不公開 Not public |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-植物新品種檢定技術之開發與執行 Plant Seed Group-The Technical Development and DUS Test Execution ofPlant Variety 101農科-9.2.3-種-X4 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X4 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 安志豪 Chih-Hao An 本年度已完成草擬藍眼菊、觀音蓮及草擬修訂茼蒿品種性狀表與試驗檢定方法初稿。關於蝴蝶蘭及文心蘭等作物資料庫建立方面，已收集15個蝴蝶蘭及5個文心蘭商業品種並完成品種性狀調查及資料庫建置。本年度受理新品種性狀檢定工作計蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭126件、文心蘭3件及玫瑰1件；正進行性狀檢定中之案件為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭30件及文心蘭2件；檢定完成資料整理中為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭20件；檢定完成且審查結束為蝴蝶蘭與朵麗蝶蘭37件、文心蘭2件、蕙蘭1件、捧心蘭1件及玫瑰1件。 The purpose of this project is to establish the test guidelines and execute DUS tests. We modified the test guideline and table of characteristics of osteospermum |
alocasia and edible chrysanthemum. We also collected 15 commercial varieties of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
and 5 commercial varieties of oncidium |
and investigated their characteristics for establishing variety database. We accepted 126 cases of phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
3 cases of oncidium and 1 case of rose to execute DUS tests for protecting the breeder’s rights this year. 30 cases of phalaenopsis and 2 case of oncidium have been executing DUS tests. 37 phalaenopsis and doritaenopsis |
2 oncidium |
1 cymbidium |
1 lycaste and 1 rose have been granted to be new varieties |
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2012 植物種苗量產體系建立 Establishment of mass production system of plant seedlings 101農科-9.2.3-種-X5 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X5 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 王至正 Jhih-Jheng Wang 不公開 Not public |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-亞太地區植物種苗產業研究與應用 Studying and application on Vegetable plant seed industry in Asia-Pacificregion 101農科-9.2.3-種-X6 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X6 技術服務室 Technical Service Section 周明燕 Ming-Yenn Chou 不公開 Not public |
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2012 作物遺傳種原收集、保存與利用 Preservation |
collection and application of germplasm 101農科-9.2.3-種-X7 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X7 品種改良保護課 Plant Breeding Section 林正雄 Cheng-Hsiung Lin 1.完成82個豇豆品種、10個西瓜品種及25個萵苣品種等，合計117個蔬菜種原之更新與繁殖。2.本年度蜜雪梨收穫量為6140.7公斤，果品糖度平均為10.8Brix，較歷年來偏低，推測原因為今年採收前颱風及豪大雨所致造成蜜雪梨果品糖度及品質不如歷年來的好。3.收集20種本省原生綠化苗木，每品種至少保存20~50株，植株生育健壯後，再調查每品種生長狀況及性狀等以待品種保存用。 1. We had renewed 25 species of lettuce |
82 species of cowpea |
and 10 species of watermelon in this year. In the meanwhile |
we had completed the characteristic investigation of all.2. Not only maintained the original parent species of Tainung No.2 pear |
but had harvested 6 |
000Kg fruits in this year.3. We had collected 20 original species of tree this year |
and had propagated 20 trees per species at least. |
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2012 台灣香藥草植物資源開發利用 Development and utilization of indigenous aromatic herbs resources in Taiwan 101農科-9.2.3-種-X8 101AS -9.2.3-SS-X8 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 羅英妃 Ying-Fei Lo 不公開 Not public |
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2012 有機農業團隊-蔬菜種子有機種衣劑與種子有機處理基準之研究 Establishment of vegetables organic coating material and organic processing benchmark in seedling 101農科-9.2.4-種-X1 101AS -9.2.4-SS-X1 種苗經營課 Seed & Seedling Management Section 黃玉梅 Yu-Mei Huang 1. 以高嶺土：滑石粉1：1混合後添加一層機能性資材於茄科種子以紙上法進行發芽試驗在下列濃度下不影響發芽率：番茄種子施用75%甲殼素、25%木黴菌及海草粉，茄子種子施用全量甲殼素、木黴菌及75%海草粉，甜椒種子施用全量甲殼素、75%竹碳粉、木黴菌及50%苦茶粕、海草粉，辣椒種子施用全量竹碳粉、75%甲殼素、苦茶粕、木黴菌及50%海草粉。但以高嶺土加滑石粉做為底衣粉配方結果顯示在茄子、甜椒及辣椒上皆會影響發芽天數，因此另以麥飯石粉及皂土為底衣粉配方可縮短發芽天數，但與未披衣及60℃烘乾20分鐘之種子做對照，結果顯示目前的烘乾溫度會明顯影響茄子平均發芽天數，故未來將以不同烘乾方式減少對披衣種子發芽之影響，其苗期試驗仍在進行中。另外，萵苣種子以高嶺土：滑石粉3：1做為底衣粉及10%阿拉伯膠為底衣液時不影響發芽率，未來將進一步進行添加一層機能性資材之試驗。2. 溫度等九種之種子物理處理中技術與資材應符合現行有機規範，而滲調常使用之鹽類如聚乙烯二醇(PEG)並不符合。溫湯處理55℃明顯降低十字花科萵苣種子發芽率，溫湯處理60℃明顯降低六種十字花科種子發芽率，乾熱處理60 |
65 |
70℃則不影響種子發芽率。溫湯處理60℃明顯降低茄科辣椒種子發芽率，乾熱處理60 |
65 |
70℃則不影響種子發芽率。十字花科甘藍與青花菜種子經接種黑腐病菌(Xanthomonas campestris pv.campestris.)後，乾熱處理60 |
65 |
70℃後培養基上的種子仍有菌落的產生，但不影響其發芽率。 Solanaceae seeds were first coated with kaolinite and talc powder mixed of 1:1 and then added one layer of functional materials. When added 75% chitosan |
25% Trichoderma and seaweed powder in tomato seeds; 100% chitosan |
Trichoderma and 75% seaweed powder in eggplant seeds; 100% chitosan |
75% biocarbon powder and Trichoderma |
50% tea seed pomace and seaweed powder in sweet pepper seeds; 100% biocarbon powder |
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2012 作物種苗病害檢測、驗證及防治技術之開發與應用 Application and development of detection |
certification and control of crop diseases 101農科-10.3.1-種-X1 101AS -10.3.1-SS-X1 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 袁雅芬 Ya-fen Yuan 本年度已取得15個南瓜品系共216個樣本進行白粉病原菌接種試驗；同時自不同地點收集白粉病原菌進行繁殖與保存；並建立南瓜對白粉病抗性之病害等級；目前接種的品系中，僅少數品種為可能較具抗白粉病特性之品種。以濃度為108CFU/ml的西瓜果斑病菌汙染乾淨的西瓜種子，發芽後種子置床於72穴穴盤中，並以不同編號的根圈微生物菌液，澆灌處理上述接種的西瓜幼苗，篩選出的拮抗細菌編號15-7、15-8、15-9及15-10可使西瓜幼苗存活率較對照組增加3倍，可做為生物農藥開發之用。委託廠商依序列合成之馬鈴薯病毒peptide經Western blotting 反應無法以商業生產之抗血清檢測，仍須以病毒鞘蛋白全長序列選殖，並誘導表現之重組蛋白生產血清較佳。胡瓜栽培期間以亞磷酸溶液處理，調查對露菌病防治之影響，由調查結果顯示，使用亞磷酸溶液500倍與1 |
000倍噴施皆具有減緩或抑制露菌病發生的效果，但以亞磷酸溶液500倍處理之效果優於亞磷酸溶液1 |
000倍，且以連續噴施對抑制胡瓜露菌病發生的效果較為持久。而在使用窄域油300倍、500倍及苦棟油300、500倍對於葉蟎發生率的調查結果顯示，雖然以窄域油及苦棟油處理對於葉蟎發生率皆具有抑制的效果，但防治效果較為短暫。 Fifteen different pumpkin hybrid lines were screened to the powdery mildew -resistance which inoculum pathogen species. According the inoculum results showed that the virulence were different by the host hybrid lines. There were a few of hybrid lines resistant to the powdery mildew. We construct a grade of the powdery mildew –resistance in pumpkin.Watermelon seeds inoculated with 108CFU/ml Acidovorax avenae subsp.citrulli were planted in 72-cell plug after germination. The seedlings were poured with culturing media of different rhyzosphere bacterial. By this method 4 antagonist bacterial : No. 15-7 |
15-8 |
15-9 and 15-10 were screened. They made the survival rate of watermelon seedlings increasing 3 times than the control. These bacterial may be used to develop microbial pesticides.The amino acid sequences of potato viruses coat protein were analyzed by a contractor. However the synthesized peptides were not detected by western blotting with commercial antiserum anti PVS |
PVX |
PVY. It is necessary to clon full-length coat protein genes of viruses. Then inducing expression of recombitant proteins for antiserum production is better.The cucumber treated with different concentrations phosphorous acid |
investigated the effect for the downy mildew during cultivated period.Result showed that the different concentrations phosphorous acid was effective on the cucumber downy mildew. The phosphorous acid applied at 2g/l was better than at 1g/l |
and the effect was better while applying continuously. The spider mites could be control by treated with the narrow range oil(2㏄/l |
1㏄/l) and China-berry oil(2㏄/l |
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2012 花卉團隊-生產蕙蘭無特定病毒之種苗檢測系統之建立 The establishment of detection system of Cymbidium Specific-Pathogen-Freeseedling 101農科-10.3.1-種-X2 101AS -10.3.1-SS-X2 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 邱燕欣 Yen-Hsin Chiu 為防止蘭花病毒藉由蕙蘭種苗散佈蔓延，以ELISA法檢測種苗業者生產之蕙蘭種苗病毒ORSV、CymMV之發生率，期能提升蕙蘭種苗之品質，以維護消費者的權益，並進一步提升蕙蘭種苗內外銷市場競爭力。 To prevent virus diseases from spreading through Cymbidum seedlings |
we plan to drive and carry out a health certification system for Cymbidum seedlings which is expected to improve the quality and the market competition strength of Cymbidum seedlings for furthur export trade. |
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2012 植物種苗團隊-動植物有害生物診斷鑑定技術及種子苗病害驗證技術之研究與應用 Establishment and Research of Seed and Seedling Certification Techniques and Regulations 101農科-10.3.1-種-X3 101AS -10.3.1-SS-X3 繁殖技術課 Propagation Technology Section 邱燕欣 Yen-Hsin Chiu a.符合目標市場外銷國之種子苗驗證技術盤點與研發文獻搜尋並比較國際試驗室間檢測番茄嵌紋病毒(Tomato Mosaic Virus，ToMV)的檢測方式保括ELISA、RT-PCR、ICRT-PCR等檢測技術，本計畫前期合成針對ToMV專一之引子對以及植體之Internal control primer set |
可建立RT-PCR偵測受檢檢體內之ToMV，確定檢測之正確率。101年擬定檢查流程文件-番茄植體檢測番茄嵌紋病毒作業標準一式，並通過財團法人全國認證基金會(Taiwan Accreditation Foundation |
TAF)技術認證。b.外銷重要蔬菜番茄及甜椒種子處理技術之研究本計畫利用氯化鉀電解水、熱水及殺菌劑等方法，研究最適處理條件進行種子滅菌處理，以減少茄科細菌性斑點病之種傳情形與其初次接種源。以HClO濃度50 ppm以上的氯化鉀電解水處理5分鐘以上即可有效除滅甜椒種子與番茄種子上的病原菌；45°C熱水處理30分鐘以上可明顯降低甜椒種子上的帶菌情形，甚至50°C熱水僅處理10分鐘即可完全除滅甜椒種子上的病原菌，同時不降低種子發芽率。殺菌劑試驗中以0.6%漂白水滅菌效果最好，而嘉賜銅處理，除有效降低帶菌情形、甚至完全除滅病原菌外，同時也不會降低種子的發芽率。c.外銷蔬菜種子品質提升技術研究 (委辦)本研究的目的在開發不影響種子發芽率之種子殺菌技術，以防治十字花科黑腐病。應用100年度建立之條件『3% H2O2浸漬30秒再以70℃熱風烘乾種子30分鐘』處理1Kg天然帶黑腐病菌種子，結果顯示雖然可以完全殺滅黑腐病菌，但種子發芽率由80%降低至45%。考慮種子原先品質對試驗結果之影響，本年度改用發芽率95%以上之花椰菜及甘藍菜種子，經Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestri (XCC1-1 strain)污染作為本試驗帶菌種子材料，殺菌處理分別為：『3% H2O2浸漬30秒再以70℃熱風烘乾種子30分鐘』、經70oC乾熱處理7天，及熱硫酸鋅，種子處理後分裝儲藏於防潮箱，每月追蹤其發芽率及帶菌情形。結果顯示所有處理對發芽率皆無顯著不良影響，發芽率穩定維持在95%以上，滅菌效果則以70oC乾熱處理7天為最佳，連續6個月種子洗出液之XCC1-1皆維持零檢出，其他處理之殺菌效果較不完全、也較不穩定。因此，本試驗的結論是『70oC乾熱處理7天』處理為最佳條件方便於大量種子處理，對發芽後兩週幼苗之外觀沒有影響，但估算其狀苗指數，對甘藍沒有影響，但對花椰菜則會降低，因此後續對成株之影響仍需評估。d.建立重要蘭花病毒ORSV、CymMV新檢測技術建立胜肽親和性篩選系統(peptides 12)對於標地蛋白之親和性汰選技術，建立及生產與CymMV病毒鞘蛋白具親和性之噬菌體，篩選出可利用於ELIS檢測CymMV之噬菌體。e.建立苦瓜種子發芽檢查程序研究 (委辦)苦瓜種子種皮厚且硬，會妨礙水分吸收及氣體交換，發芽過程中常有發霉的現象，造成種子發芽率不佳及不整齊等問題。本實驗以四品種苦瓜為研究材料，結果顯示苦瓜種子發芽最適溫度為30℃，最適發芽前處理為60℃溫湯浸種10分鐘，並且以紙間法加入4 c.c.發芽水促進發芽效果最佳，可提高苦瓜種子發芽率80%以上。為符合國際ISTA規範，將苦瓜種子依照發芽率高、中、低三等級，委請三個實驗室進行發芽試驗。統計分析三個實驗室發芽數據確定三批發芽活力之差異性未超過容許度，顯示所建議苦瓜種子發芽前處理之方法可推薦給ISTA之種子檢查規則使用。 a. 符合目標市場外銷國之種子苗驗證技術盤點與研發By papers literature research |
we selected the RT-PCR as the major tech as our TAF testing method for Tomato Mosaic Virus. At the first we design a set of RT-PCR primer for ToMV specific primer set. We also design the internal control primer set for more reliable detection result. In 2012 |
the stand operation procedure of ToMV detection of Taiwan Accreditation Foundation |
Taiwan Accreditation Foundation (TAF) was established. ToMV Detection of Tomato leaf in-House Method(Document No.:No.WI33).b. 外銷重要蔬菜番茄及甜椒種子處理技術之研究The methods including electrolyzed KCl water solution |
hot water and bactericides were adopted to study the seed disinfection treatments for decreasing the seed transmission and primary inoculum of bacterial spot of tomato and sweet pepper. The electrolyzed KCl water solution with fifty ppm and above of HClO concentration were effectively to disinfect the artificial infested sweet pepper and tomato seeds that were treated five and above minutes. The treatments of thirty and above minutes with 45°C hot water obviously decreased the Xv-carried ratio of artificial infested sweet pepper seeds. The treatment of ten minutes with 50°C hot water could totally disinfect the Xv on artificial infested sweet pepper seeds and |
meanwhile |
that did not reduce the germination rate. In the trial of varied bactericides |
the treatment with 0.6% sodium chloride showed the best disinfection on artificial infested sweet pepper seeds |
and the treatment with Kasugamycin and copper oxychloride could effectively reduce Xv-carried ratio and even thoroughly disinfect the artificial infested sweet pepper seeds without diminishing the germination rate.c. 外銷蔬菜種子品質提升技術研究 (委辦)The objective of this study was to establish a disinfection method for seeds of Crucifer vegetables for preventing black rot disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestri (XCC). As applied the previous established protocol of ‘ 30 seconds of 3% H2O2 followed by heated dry at 70oC for 40 min’ to large scale experiment (1 Kg seeds) could completely disinfect the pathogen carried seeds; however |